Aerial thermal infrared mapping of the Waimangu-Waiotapu geothermal region, New Zealand

Mongillo, M.A.

doi:10.1016/0375-6505(94)90016-7

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Eruptive activity occurred also to the southwest of Lake Rotomahana in the Waimangu area, with an explosive eruption recorded on August 1886 and a hydrothermal eruption in 1924 [ Nairn , ]. Nowadays, the thermal activity consists of hot springs and crater lakes, fumaroles, hydrothermal eruption craters, steaming and altered ground, and minor silica deposits [ Mongillo , ].…”

Section: Geological and Volcanological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ discharge from the bottom of volcanic Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand

Mazot

Schwandner

Christenson

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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, CO 2 flux surveys were performed on Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand. The area has been hydrothermally active with fumaroles and sublacustrine hydrothermal activity before and since the eruption of Mt Tarawera in 1886. The total CO 2 emission from the lake calculated by sequential Gaussian simulation is 549 6 72 t d 21 . Two different mechanisms of degassing, diffusion through the water-air interface and bubbling, are distinguished using a graphical statistical approach. The carbon dioxide budget calculated for the lake confirms that the main source of CO 2 to the atmosphere is by diffusion covering 94.5% of the lake area (mean CO 2 flux 25 g m 22 d 21 ) and to a lesser extent, bubbling (mean CO 2 flux 1297 g m 22 d 21 ). Mapping of the CO 2 flux over the entire lake, including over lake floor vents detected during the survey, correlates with eruption craters formed during the 1886 eruption. These surveys also follow regional tectonic patterns present in the southeastern sector of Lake Rotomahana suggesting a deep magmatic source ( 10 km) for CO 2 and different pathways for the gas to escape to the surface. The values of d 13 C CO2 (22.88 and 22.39&) confirm the magmatic origin of CO 2 .

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Section: Geological and Volcanological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ discharge from the bottom of volcanic Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand

Mazot

Schwandner

Christenson

et al. 2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…In active volcanoes the presence of a magma body near the surface may generate important heat fluxes (from 10 Wm -2 to 10 kWm -2 ) by conduction, single-phase convection or two phase convection (Hardee 1982). Such areas where significant transfer occurs can be mapped by infrared remote sensing (Bonneville and Gouze 1992;Gaonac'h et al 1994;Mongillo 1994) or by indirect effects such as the melting of snow cover (Sekioka and Yuhara 1974). The extent and magnitude of these temperature anomalies can be monitored to evaluate variations in the shallow hydrothermal-magmatic system and thus eruption potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Measuring and interpreting heat fluxes from shallow volcanic bodies using vertical temperature profiles: a preliminary test

Lardy

Tabbagh²

1999

Bulletin of Volcanology

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To test the potential of heat flux prospecting in active volcanic areas using shallow temperature data taken along vertical profiles, we carried out two thermal profile surveys, one not far from Yasur cone on Tanna Island, and another inside the caldera of Ambrym (New Hebrides arc, southwestern Pacific). The basic steady heat flux of internal volcanic origin was determined, taking into account both conductive and convective heat transfers. At both locations there exists, over small distances, significant differences in the heat flux. These differences correspond to shallow sources of heat. The use of a network of vertical profiles allowed: (a) heat flux mapping; (b) location of shallow volcanic heat sources; and (c) observation of the detailed structure of the heat release at quiescent but active volcanoes.

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“…Geothermal activity has been wellstudied at Rotomahana, consisting of fumaroles, hot springs and geysers, as well as bubbling areas within the lake (e.g., Walker et al, 2015;Stucker et al, 2016). Waimangu consists of hot springs, crater lakes (such as Frying Pan and Inferno), steaming and altered ground, minor silica deposits, and has had hydrothermal eruptions since 1886 (e.g., Mongillo, 1994;Vandemeulebrouck et al, 2008).…”

Section: Geological and Volcanological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Degassing Pathways Along the 1886 Tarawera (New Zealand) Volcanic Fissure by Combining Soil and Lake CO2 Fluxes

et al. 2019

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CO 2 flux measurements are often used to monitor volcanic systems, understand the cause of volcanic unrest, and map sub-surface structures. Currently, such measurements are incomplete at Tarawera (New Zealand), which erupted with little warning in 1886 and produced a ∼17 km long fissure. We combine new soil CO 2 flux and C isotope measurements of Tarawera with previous data from Rotomahana and Waimangu (regions also along the 1886 fissure) to fingerprint the CO 2 source, understand the current pathways for degassing, quantify the CO 2 released along the entire fissure, and provide a baseline survey. The total CO 2 emissions from the fissure are 1227 t•d −1 (742-3398 t•d −1 90 % confidence interval), similar to other regions in the Taupō Volcanic Zone. The CO 2 flux from Waimangu and Rotomahana is far higher than from Tarawera (>549 vs. ∼4 t•d −1 CO 2), likely influenced by a shallow silicic body at depth and Okataina caldera rim faults increasing permeability at the southern end of the fissure. Highly localized regions of elevated CO 2 flux occur along the fissure and are likely caused by cross-cutting faults that focus the flow. One of these areas occurs on Tarawera, which is emitting ∼1 t•d −1 CO 2 with a δ 13 CO 2 of −5.5 ± 0.5 , and comparison with previous observations shows that activity is declining over time. This region highlights the spatial and temporal complexity of degassing pathways at volcanoes and that sub-surface structures exert a primary control on the magnitude of CO 2 flux in comparison to the surface mechanism (i.e., CO 2 released through the soil or lake surface).

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Aerial thermal infrared mapping of the Waimangu-Waiotapu geothermal region, New Zealand

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

CO₂ discharge from the bottom of volcanic Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand

CO₂ discharge from the bottom of volcanic Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand

Measuring and interpreting heat fluxes from shallow volcanic bodies using vertical temperature profiles: a preliminary test

Understanding Degassing Pathways Along the 1886 Tarawera (New Zealand) Volcanic Fissure by Combining Soil and Lake CO2 Fluxes

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Aerial thermal infrared mapping of the Waimangu-Waiotapu geothermal region, New Zealand

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

CO2 discharge from the bottom of volcanic Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand

CO2 discharge from the bottom of volcanic Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand

Measuring and interpreting heat fluxes from shallow volcanic bodies using vertical temperature profiles: a preliminary test

Understanding Degassing Pathways Along the 1886 Tarawera (New Zealand) Volcanic Fissure by Combining Soil and Lake CO2 Fluxes

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Product

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CO₂ discharge from the bottom of volcanic Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand

CO₂ discharge from the bottom of volcanic Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand