Aerobic and anaerobic growth modes and expression of type 1 fimbriae in Salmonella

Hakalehto, Elias; Pesola, Jouni; Heitto, Lauri; Närvänen, Ale; Heitto, Anneli

doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2007.01.003

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The PMEU technology has been previously successfully applied to enrich microorganisms from samples where their numbers are low [10–12] and the present study shows that the approach can be applied also to clinical specimen and that LAB, mainly streptococci and few lactobacilli, can be enriched from gastric biopsies. This species distribution differs from the typical intestinal LAB microbiota dominated by enterococci and a wide variety of lactobacilli [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Lactic Acid Bacteria Enriched from Human Gastric Biopsies

Hakalehto¹,

Vilpponen-Salmela²,

Kinnunen

2011

ISRN Gastroenterology

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The purpose of this paper was to check if viable bacteria, in particular lactic acid bacteria (LAB), could be enriched from biopsies obtained from healthy gastroscopy patients. Gastric biopsies were obtained from 13 gastroscopy patients and subjected to an anaerobic or microaerophilic enrichment procedure utilizing the Portable Microbe Enrichment Unit (PMEU). Profuse microbial growth was observed in most cases. Samples plated on MRS showed high numbers of LAB. The most common species characterized were Lactobacillus reuteri, Lact. salivarius, and Streptococcus salivarius. The results demonstrate a continuous presence of viable LAB in healthy stomach. The species are similar to those traditionally used in food applications. The gastric LAB strains could have a potential in developing probiotic foods aimed specially on the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Lactic Acid Bacteria Enriched from Human Gastric Biopsies

Hakalehto¹,

Vilpponen-Salmela²,

Kinnunen

2011

ISRN Gastroenterology

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“…Since many foodborne pathogens are aerobic or facultative anaerobe thus they remain in close proximity to the mucosal epithelial cells where they gain access to oxygen from host cells during colonization of the gut. For example, Salmonella expresses type 1 fimbriae that facilitate the bacterial invasion of oxygen-containing host cells and the fimbriae expression is high during aerobic growth but not in an anaerobic environment ( Ernst et al, 1990 ; Hakalehto et al, 2007 ). Furthermore, for survival under anaerobic environment, pathogens also employ different strategies.…”

Section: Common Food and The Host Factors That Affect Microbial Virulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food-Associated Stress Primes Foodborne Pathogens for the Gastrointestinal Phase of Infection

Horn

Bhunia

2018

Front. Microbiol.

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The incidence of foodborne outbreaks and product recalls is on the rise. The ability of the pathogen to adapt and survive under stressful environments of food processing and the host gastrointestinal tract may contribute to increasing foodborne illnesses. In the host, multiple factors such as bacteriolytic enzymes, acidic pH, bile, resident microflora, antimicrobial peptides, and innate and adaptive immune responses are essential in eliminating pathogens. Likewise, food processing and preservation techniques are employed to eliminate or reduce human pathogens load in food. However, sub-lethal processing or preservation treatments may evoke bacterial coping mechanisms that alter gene expression, specifically and broadly, resulting in resistance to the bactericidal insults. Furthermore, environmentally cued changes in gene expression can lead to changes in bacterial adhesion, colonization, invasion, and toxin production that contribute to pathogen virulence. The shared microenvironment between the food preservation techniques and the host gastrointestinal tract drives microbes to adapt to the stressful environment, resulting in enhanced virulence and infectivity during a foodborne illness episode.

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“…In water hygiene, various media for the bacterial detection, such as Rappaport-Vassiliadis for cultivating salmonellas [20] and Colilert TM for monitoring hygienic indicating Escherichia coli and other coliforms [1], have proven to be applicable in the PMEU. In case of water campylobacteria using the PMEU with real-time PCR monitoring, best results were obtained with Bolton broth [8].…”

Section: Pmeu In Detecting Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistant Strain mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] and anaerobic salmonellas [6]. Also relatively slow-growing environmental mycobacteria have been rapidly enriched in [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] h with the PMEU [10]. This technology has also proven to be highly amenable for field use [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%