Aerobic Degradation by Microorganisms

Fritsche, W.; Hofrichter, Martin

doi:10.1002/9783527620999.ch6m

Cited by 85 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Indeed, past studies on the fate of OM particles in oxygenated lake water column and sediments showed a degradation of algal lipids with a preference for n-alkanes and some of their precursors like nalkanoic acids (Kawamura et al, 1987;Meyers and Eadie, 1993;Meyers and Ishiwatari, 1993). In aerobic environment, biodegradation of resistant compounds such as hydrocarbons is possible through incorporation of oxygen to form alcohols and carboxylic acids to be consumed as food or converted as biolipids by bacteria (Fritsche and Hofrichter, 2000;Peters et al, 2005). Concerning the Autun samples, as discussed above, it is likely that these samples were deposited in an environment with strong primary productivity but with dysoxic to oxic conditions, allowing a significant aerobic biodegradation within the water column and/or sediments causing a decrease in n-alkanes concentrations.…”

Section: Organic Matter Sources and Maturity Of Oil-shalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoenvironmental control on primary fluids characteristics of lacustrine source rocks in the Autun Permian Basin (France)

Garel¹,

Béhar²,

Schnyder³

et al. 2017

Bull. Soc. géol. Fr.

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-The Autunian (Late Gzhelian-Sakmarian, ∼295 Ma) of the Autun Basin (Saône-et-Loire, France) is well known for its lacustrine oil-shales and boghead that were exploited during the 19th and 20th centuries. A study of the kerogen geochemistry, palynofacies, hydrocarbon (HC) distribution of pyrolysates and kinetics on these organic-rich sediments gave indications on the control of lacustrine primary fluid characteristics by palaeoenvironmental settings. Palynofacies results have shown a Botryococcus algae dominance in the boghead, whereas the oil-shales were dominated either by a mixing of terrestrial particles and lacustrine phytoplanktonic/bacterial organic matter (OM), or by a lacustrine OM that suffered biodegradation within the water column. During the Autunian, an increasing trend of degraded lacustrine OM concentration is observed in the successive oil-shales. Geochemical and kinetics analyses showed that, except for the boghead, hydrogen index values were < 700 mg/g TOC and activation energies diagram showed multi-energetic profiles, unexpected for such a lacustrine OM. Along with pyrolysates primary fluids ones, these results unraveled two groups of oil-shale samples. On the one hand, samples dominated by well-preserved lacustrine and terrestrial OM produced primary fluids dominated by n-alkanes with (n-C 6 -n-C 14 ) /n-C 14þ n-alkanes ratio depending on the proportion of terrestrial OM. They were only encountered in the three oldest oil-shales. On the other hand, the HC profile of fluids originating from samples dominated by degraded lacustrine OM, which was obtained for the first time in this study, show low n-alkanes concentrations and a relatively prominent hump. These samples were only present in the three youngest oilshale levels. Finally, the boghead showed a link between strong concentration of the Pila genus of Botryococcus algae and a primary fluid dominated by n-C 6 -n-C 14 n-alkanes. By comparing these data with published palaeoenvironmental studies, it appears that the kind of dominant OM, and thus the HC distribution of primary fluids, is controlled by the lake level: a lower depth preventing the settlement of anoxic conditions in the bottom waters, and the subsequent good preservation of the OM. During the Autunian, the lake level decreased, consequence of a reduced tectonic activity and of the beginning of a dryer period. Finally, these changes will have caused a strong decrease of the nutrient influx to the lake, favoring the bloom of Botryococcus algae that accumulated to form the boghead. cinétiques ont montré que, excepté pour le boghead, les valeurs d'index d'hydrogène étaient < 700 mg/g COT et les énergies d'activation montraient des profils pluri-énergétiques, inhabituels pour une MO lacustre. Ajoutés à ceux des fluides primaires de pyrolysats, ces résultats ont mis en évidence deux groupes d'échantillons de schistes-bitumineux. Le premier est marqué par une dominance de la MO lacustre et terrestre bien préservée et produit des fluides primaires dominés par les n-alcanes ave...

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Section: Organic Matter Sources and Maturity Of Oil-shalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoenvironmental control on primary fluids characteristics of lacustrine source rocks in the Autun Permian Basin (France)

Garel¹,

Béhar²,

Schnyder³

et al. 2017

Bull. Soc. géol. Fr.

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“…The microorganisms most closely related to the sequences obtained from this work are well documented in terms of their ability to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons [24] with both Thaura spp Geobacter spp previously being shown to degrade aromatic compounds under anaerobic conditions [25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dynamic Changes in Aromatic Hydrocarbon Associated Catabolic Gene Profiles Linked to Aerobic and Anaerobic Microcosm Studies

LA¹

2015

Innov Energ Policies

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The biodegradation of BTEX pollutants is often facilitated by both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in the environment. Developing strategies to enable a rapid characterisation of related microbial populations is of importance to many industries, including the petrochemical industry. Here we use a qPCR assay to show that dynamic changes in key catabolic genes, from aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria involved in the breakdown of benzoate and toluene through microcosm studies, can be linked to the aerobic or anaerobic nature of these microcosms. This approach may prove useful in further studies of the biodegradation of pollutants by eubacteria in situ.

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“…Mixed microbial communities have a powerful biodegradative potential because the genetic information of more than one organism is necessary to degrade the complex mixture of organic compounds present in contaminated areas (MacNaugton et al 1999;Shen et al 1998). However, as pentane and other short-chain alkanes (<C 9 ) are toxic to many microorganisms, only the single strains specifically adapted to using such compounds as carbon source are able to degrade them (Fritsche & Hofrichter 2000). For istance, activated sludge cultures which contain microorganisms already adapted to certain contaminants have been used to seed compost biofilters in attempt to reduce acclimatization times (Ergas et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological degradation of pentane by immobilized cells of Arthrobacter sp.

2005

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The increasing production of several plastics such as expanded polystyrene, widely used as packaging and building materials, has caused the release of considerable amounts of pentane employed as an expanding agent. Today many microorganisms are used to degrade hydrocarbons in order to minimize contamination caused by several industrial activities. The aim of our work was to identify a suitable microorganism to degrade pentane. We focused our attention on a strain of Arthrobacter sp. which in a shake-flask culture produced 95% degradation of a 10% mixture of pentane in a minimal medium after 42 days of incubation at 20°C. Arthrobacter sp. cells were immobilized on a macroporous polystyrene particle matrix that provides a promising novel support for cell immobilization. The method involved culturing cells with the expanded polystyrene in shake-flasks, followed by in situ growth within the column. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed extensive growth of Arthrobacter sp. on the polymeric surface. The immobilized microorganism was able to actively degrade a 10% mixture of pentane, allowing us to obtain a bioconversion yield of 90% after 36 h. Moreover, in repeated-batch operations, immobilized Arthrobacter sp. cells were able to maintain 85-95% pentane degradation during a 2 month period. Our results suggest that this type of bioreactor could be used in pentane environmental decontamination.

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Aerobic Degradation by Microorganisms

Cited by 85 publications

References 60 publications

Palaeoenvironmental control on primary fluids characteristics of lacustrine source rocks in the Autun Permian Basin (France)

Palaeoenvironmental control on primary fluids characteristics of lacustrine source rocks in the Autun Permian Basin (France)

Dynamic Changes in Aromatic Hydrocarbon Associated Catabolic Gene Profiles Linked to Aerobic and Anaerobic Microcosm Studies

Microbiological degradation of pentane by immobilized cells of Arthrobacter sp.

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