Aerobic exercise and lipolysis: A review of the β-adrenergic signaling pathways in adipose tissue

Rodrigues, Aurora Corrêa; Prímola-Gomes, Thales Nicolau; Peluzio, M.C.G.; Hermsdorff, Helen Hermana Miranda; Natali, Antônio José

doi:10.1016/j.scispo.2020.04.006

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This process is mainly regulated by AR in the SNS [ 45 , 46 ]. The SNS releases NE and epinephrine through nerve endings and adrenal glands, which can activate second messenger pathway (involving G proteins and cAMP) through AR, ultimately leading to PKA-mediated phosphorylation of HSL and activation of lipolysis [ 47 ]. Catecholamine release is correlated with exercise intensity [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of visceral fat lipolysis adaptation to high-intensity interval training in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats

Liu

Cheng

et al. 2022

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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Background/objectives Visceral obesity is one of the key features of metabolic syndrome. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) could effectively reduce visceral fat, but its effects show strong heterogeneity in populations with different degrees of obesity. The mechanism may be related to the differential adaptation to training between obesity phenotypes, namely obesity prone (OP) and obesity resistant (OR). The aim of the present study was to compare adaptive changes of visceral adipose lipolysis adaptation to HIIT between OP and OR animals and further explore the upstream pathway. Methods OP and OR Sprague Dawley rats were established after feeding a high-fat diet for 6 weeks; they were then divided into HIIT (H-OP and H-OR) and control (C-OP and C-OR) groups. After 12 weeks of HIIT or a sedentary lifestyle, animals were fasted for 12 h and then sacrificed for histology as well as gene and protein analysis. Visceral adipocytes were isolated without fasting for catecholamine stimulation and β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) blockade in vitro to evaluate the role of upstream pathways. Results After training, there were no differences in weight loss or food intake between OP and OR rats (P > 0.05). However, the visceral fat mass, adipocyte volume, serum triglycerides and liver lipids of OP rats decreased by more than those of OR rats (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the cell lipolytic capacity and the increase in the expression of β3-AR were higher in the OP compared with OR groups (P < 0.05). Although training did not increase sympathetic nervous system activity (P > 0.05), the cell sensitivity to catecholamine increased significantly in the OP compared with OR groups (P < 0.05). Following blocking β3-AR, the increased sensitivity disappeared. Conclusion With HIIT, OP rats lost more visceral fat than OR rats, which was related to stronger adaptive changes in lipolysis. Increased β3-AR expression mediated this adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of visceral fat lipolysis adaptation to high-intensity interval training in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats

Liu

Cheng

et al. 2022

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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“…Increased adrenaline activates the β-3-adrenergic-receptor and binds them to the receptor activate Gs, which leads to an increase in cAMP as a secondary messenger. Metabolic proteins are then activated by PKA activation; also, physical activity by increasing the expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptor A leads to an increase in guanine cyclase, cGMP, and protein kinase G, which directly leads to the phosphorylation of HSL or can participate in facilitating the function of HSL on fat droplets by deforming perilipin (14). In addition, TAAR1 is a receptor bound to the Gαs protein and is sensitive to the receptors of tyramine, octopamine, most neuropeptides, and ANPs and activates the release and modi-fication of calcium pathway and HSL phosphorylation in adipose tissue during exercise through the cGMP mechanism (15,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exercise increases HSL activity by increasing catecholamines, phosphorylation of lipolysis proteins, and promoting active G and cAMP. Physical activity also leads to HSL phosphorylation by increasing the expression of ANP, guanine cyclase, cGMP, and protein kinase G (14) also activates cGMP, releases and modulates calcium, and increases HSL in adipose tissue (15,16). Oct supplementation also enhances cAMP by rising the expression of β-3 adrenergic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Aerobic Training and Octopamine Supplementation on the Expression of Octopamine Receptors in the Visceral Adipose Tissue of Rats Exposed to Deep Fried Oils

2021

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Background: The use of deep fried oils (DFOs) to cook foods is associated with numerous diseases. Although the role of physical activity and some supplements on fat lipolysis has been established, the effect of aerobic training (AT) and octopamine (Oct) on octopamine receptor-dependent lipolysis pathway is not well understood. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of AT and Oct supplementation on the expression of Oct receptors in the visceral adipose tissue of DFO-exposed rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into (1) healthy control (C), (2) DFO, (3) DFO + Oct, (4) DFO + AT, and (5) DFO + Oct + AT groups. Aerobic training was performed for four weeks, five sessions per week at an intensity of 16 - 26 m/min and equivalent to 50% - 65% VO2max, and Otc supplement was interperitoneally injected at 81 µmol/kg five days a week. Results: Aerobic training and Oct supplementation increased tyramin-R and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) (P ≤ 0.05), while Oct significantly decreased G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) (P ≤ 0.05). Also, the interaction of AT and Oct on GPCR reduction was significant (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that AT and Otc alone improve octopamine receptors and lipolysis markers in the visceral adipose tissue of DFO-treated rats, but these two factors have no interactive effects on this pathway.

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“…In particular, studies in rodent models suggest that an exercise intervention may upregulate mitochondrial biogenesis and activity in brown adipocytes and stimulate the trans differentiation of white adipocytes to beige adipocytes 122,123 . Exercise also alters epigenetic regulation of brown and beige adipocyte gene expression (check out Rodrigues et al for a review) 124 . The functional significance of exercise‐induced activation of BAT thermogenesis is unclear, especially given that both exercise and BAT activity can trigger an increase in core temperature.…”

Section: Topics For Further Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…122,123 Exercise also alters epigenetic regulation of brown and beige adipocyte gene expression (check out Rodrigues et al for a review). 124 The functional significance of exercise-induced activation of BAT thermogenesis is unclear, especially given that both exercise and BAT activity can trigger an increase in core temperature. It has been hypothesized that oxidative phosphorylation in UCP1-expressing adipocytes may reduce the detrimental effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated during exercise.…”

Section: Box 5 Genetic Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolutionary significance of human brown adipose tissue: Integrating the timescales of adaptation

Lévy

Leonard

2021

Evolutionary Anthropology

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While human adaptability is regarded as a classical topic in anthropology, recent work provides new insight into metabolic adaptations to cold climates and the role of phenotypic plasticity in human evolution. A growing body of literature demonstrates that adults retain brown adipose tissue (BAT) which may play a role in non-shivering thermogenesis. In this narrative review, we apply the timescales of adaptation framework in order to explore the adaptive significance of human BAT. Human variation in BAT is shaped by multiple adaptive modes (i.e., allostasis, acclimatization, developmental adaptation, epigenetic inheritance, and genetic adaptation), and together the adaptive modes act as an integrated system. We hypothesize that plasticity in BAT facilitated the successful expansion of human populations into circumpolar regions, allowing for selection of genetic adaptations to cold climates to take place. Future research rooted in human energetics and biocultural perspectives is essential for understanding BAT's adaptive and health significance.

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Aerobic exercise and lipolysis: A review of the β-adrenergic signaling pathways in adipose tissue

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Comparison of visceral fat lipolysis adaptation to high-intensity interval training in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats

Comparison of visceral fat lipolysis adaptation to high-intensity interval training in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats

Effect of Aerobic Training and Octopamine Supplementation on the Expression of Octopamine Receptors in the Visceral Adipose Tissue of Rats Exposed to Deep Fried Oils

The evolutionary significance of human brown adipose tissue: Integrating the timescales of adaptation

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