Aerobic Exercise Improves Mood, Cognition, and Language Function in Parkinson’s Disease: Results of a Controlled Study

Altmann, Lori J. P.; Stegemöller, Elizabeth L.; Hazamy, Audrey A.; Wilson, Jonathan P.; Bowers, Dawn; Okun, Michael S.; Hass, Chris J.

doi:10.1017/s135561771600076x

Cited by 89 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…High-intensity aerobic exercise appears to be promising with beneficial effects on several functional outcomes (that were often specifically trained with the intervention) and physical fitness. [3][4][5][6][7][8] However, these studies showed no effect on specific Parkinson's disease signs or Parkinson's disease severity. 9,10 A dosefinding treadmill study (SPARX trial), 11 which was specifically powered to find an effect on Parkinson's disease severity, showed that high-intensity aerobic exercise attenuated Parkinson's disease motor signs in de-novo unmedicated patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effectiveness of home-based and remotely supervised aerobic exercise in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial

Kolk

Vries

Kessels

et al. 2019

The Lancet Neurology

367

378

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Background High-intensity aerobic exercise might attenuate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, but high-quality evidence is scarce. Moreover, long-term adherence remains challenging. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise-gamified and delivered at home, to promote adherence-on relieving motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease with mild disease severity who were on common treatment regimes. Methods In this single-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (Park-in-Shape), we recruited sedentary patients with Parkinson's disease from the outpatient clinic at Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Patients were made aware of the study either by their treating neurologist or via information in the waiting room. Patients could also contact the study team via social media. We included patients aged 30-75 years with a Hoehn and Yahr stage of 2 or lower, who were on stable dopaminergic medication. Patients were randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) to either aerobic exercise done on a stationary home-trainer (aerobic intervention group) or stretching (active control group) by means of a web-based system with minimisation for sex and medication status (treated or untreated) and permuted blocks of varying sizes of more than two (unknown to study personnel). Patients were only aware of the content of their assigned programme. Assessors were unaware of group assignments. Both interventions were home based, requiring 30-45 min training three times per week for 6 months. Both groups received a motivational app and remote supervision. Home trainers were enhanced with virtual reality software and real-life videos providing a so-called exergaming experience (ie, exercise enhanced by gamified elements). The primary outcome was the between-group difference in the Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) motor section at 6 months, tested during the off state (≥12 h after last dopaminergic medication). The analysis was done on an intention-to-treat basis in patients who completed the follow-up assessment, regardless of whether they completed the assigned intervention. Patients reported adverse events directly to their coach and also after the 6-month visit retrospectively. A between-group difference of 3•5 points or more was deemed a-priori clinically relevant. The study is concluded and registered with the Dutch Trial Registry, NTR4743. Findings Between Feb 2, 2015, and Oct 27, 2017, 139 patients were assessed for eligibility in person, of whom 130 were randomly assigned to either the aerobic intervention group (n=65) or the active control group (n=65). Data from 125 (96%) patients were available for the primary analysis; five patients were lost to follow-up (four in the intervention group; one in the control group). 20 patients (ten in each group) did not complete their assigned programme. The off-state MDS-UPDRS motor score revealed a between-group difference of 4•2 points (95% CI 1•6-6•9, p=0•0020) in favour of aerobic exercise (mean 1•3 points [SE 1•8] in th...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effectiveness of home-based and remotely supervised aerobic exercise in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial

Kolk

Vries

Kessels

et al. 2019

The Lancet Neurology

367

378

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Physical exercise improves cognitive function, hippocampal neurogenesis, neural plasticity induce by neurotrophic factors (Altmann et al, 2016; Baek, 2016; Sim et al, 2004). Most prior studies have demonstrated the effects of exercise on cognitive impairment induced by several diseases (Baek, 2016; Ma et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the behavioral effects of exercise and high fat diet on cognitive function in adolescent rats

et al. 2016

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Adolescence is a critical period for neurodevelopment, neuronal plasticity, and cognitive function. Experiences of adolescence can be exerted positive and negative effects on brain development. Physical exercise has a positive effect on brain function, which is characterized by improving memory function and increased neural plasticity. High fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity has a negative effect on brain function, which is characterized by insulin resistance and neuroinflammation and reduced microvessel constructure. Although the positive effect of exercise and negative effect of obesity on cognitive function have been documented, it has not been well whether comparison of the effects of exercise and obesity on cognitive function in adolescent rats. In the present study, we evaluated the behavioral changes related to cognitive function induced by exercise and obesity in adolescent rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (CON), the exercise group (Ex), the high fat diet group (HFD). The HFD containing fat 60% was freely provided. The present results showed that spatial learning ability and short-term memory did not show significant effect exercise as compared to the control group. The present results showed that spatial learning ability and short-term memory was significantly decreased HFD-induced obesity group as compared to the control group. These results suggest that positive effect of physical exercise in adolescence rats may be exerted no significant effect on cognitive function. But, negative effect of HFD-induced obesity might induce cognitive impairment. HFD-induced obesity in adolescent rats may be used as an animal model of neurodevelopmental disorders.

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“…In vier Studien gab es zwei verschiedene Sportgruppen, die mit einer Kontrollgruppe verglichen wurden (22,23,27,32). Die Interventionsdauer der eingeschlossenen Studien schwankte zwischen vier [23] und 26 [28] Wochen und die Trainingshäufigkeit zwischen einmal [22] und dreimal [21,23,25,27,29] pro Woche.…”

Section: Hintergrundunclassified

“…Für die statistische Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit der jeweiligen Sportintervention wurde die Effektstärke zwischen den Kontrollund Interventionsgruppen berechnet. Dieser Mittelwertvergleich nach Cohen geschah anhand der mittleren Differenz zwischen Präund Posttestung in Bezug zur Standardabweichung [20].ErgebnisseFünf der elf eingeschlossenen Studien überprüften die Effekte von Ausdauertraining[21][22][23][24][25] auf die Kognition, eine Studie führte ein Krafttraining durch[26] und fünf weitere Studien analysierten die Auswirkungen eines Koordinationstrainings[21,[27][28][29][30]. Zudem kam in drei Studien noch eine Kombination aus Kraft-und Koordinationstraining zum Einsatz…”

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Die Effekte von verschiedenen körperlichen Belastungsmodalitäten auf die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Parkinson

Stuckenschneider

Schneider

2020

B & G

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ZusammenfassungNeben den motorischen Symptomen wie Rigor, Tremor, Bradykinese und posturale Instabilität führt Morbus Parkinson oftmals auch zu einer Beeinträchtigung der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit. Um dem kognitiven Abbau vorzubeugen, gewinnen Sport und Bewegung an Bedeutung. Allerdings sind ihre Effekte auf die Kognition bei Morbus Parkinson noch wenig erforscht. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Übersichtsarbeit vorgestellt, die die bisher durchgeführten wissenschaftlichen Studien zusammengefasst und analysiert. Das Potenzial von gezieltem Sporttraining, einem kognitiven Abbau vorzubeugen, wird in diesen Studien deutlich. Allerdings kann keine eindeutige Empfehlung ausgesprochen werden, welche Form von Sporttraining am besten geeignet erscheint, um die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Parkinson aufrecht zu erhalten. Hierfür bedarf es weiterer wissenschaftlicher Studien, aus denen klare Empfehlungen zur Trainingsgestaltung abgeleitet werden können.

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Aerobic Exercise Improves Mood, Cognition, and Language Function in Parkinson’s Disease: Results of a Controlled Study

Abstract: Aerobic exercise is a viable intervention for PD that can be protective against increased depressive symptoms, and can improve several non-motor domains, including executive dysfunction and related aspects of language production. (JINS, 2016, 22, 878-889).

Cited by 89 publications

References 57 publications

Effectiveness of home-based and remotely supervised aerobic exercise in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial

Effectiveness of home-based and remotely supervised aerobic exercise in Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial

Comparison of the behavioral effects of exercise and high fat diet on cognitive function in adolescent rats

Die Effekte von verschiedenen körperlichen Belastungsmodalitäten auf die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Parkinson

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