With the rapid development of big data, it plays an increasingly important role in college teaching. The application of big data technology to the analysis of college aerobics teaching data can not only help teachers understand the current learning situation of students, but also help students’ own development and improve students’ academic performance in a targeted manner. The purpose of this article is to analyze and study the characteristics of college calisthenics teaching based on big data technology. This article prepares and preprocesses student’s course score data, analyzes association rules, and obtains a certain correlation between courses, so as to guide and suggest students to study and choose courses, and provide certain reference; this article is for colleges and universities. The curriculum is analyzed and researched. This article analyzes and evaluates the classroom learning behavior of learners of different grades and majors; analyzes the classroom content and technical effectiveness, and then conducts multi-dimensional analysis and evaluation of the classroom. This article uses literature method, questionnaire method, mathematical statistics method, etc., taking 20 aerobics teachers and 1,000 students of a certain university in this city as the survey objects, and conducts a more in-depth and detailed aerobics teaching status of the current aerobics optional courses in the school. The research, find out the existing problems and influencing factors, and then put forward the corresponding development countermeasures, provide a useful reference for the college aerobics teaching reform. Research shows that there are 328 students who have never participated in extracurricular aerobics exercises, accounting for 38.6% of the total number. It can be seen that the situation of students participating in extracurricular aerobics activities is not optimistic. Relevant departments of the school should strengthen the construction of aerobics campus culture to urge students to actively participate in extracurricular aerobics activities.