Aeolian processes that involve the entrainment, transport, and deposition of sediment by the wind are important geomorphic processes operating in arid regions but also along sandy shores. They are responsible in particular for the formation and migration of sand dunes. Understanding these processes in complex environments (e.g., in the presence of vegetation or in the context of cohesive soils) demands further investigations.Wind blown sand involves a myriad of physical mechanisms, including particle-particle, bed-particle and fluid-particle interactions. A comprehensive quantification of these interactions in the context of cohesive particulate beds remains a scientific challenge. Aeolian sand transport with non-cohesive particles can be regarded as one of the simplest air-particulate flows, while the transport of moist sand or snow exhibits a much greater complexity.The complexity of the aforementioned real cohesive systems arises from the fact that the strength of the cohesion may strongly evolve in time and space. Monitoring these variations in situ at the relevant temporal and spatial scales is beyond of the classical instrumental capabilities. Promising instruments based on capacitance measurements (Louge et al., 2010(Louge et al., , 2013(Louge et al., , 2022 are however, capable of monitoring tiny variations of moisture content at the surface of a sand bed and within the bed with a centimetric spatial resolution and should be further deployed on the field or in wind tunnel experiments to better document the coupling between sand transport and cohesion.