Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of a Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine Using Differential Evolution

Carrigan, Travis; Dennis, Brian H.; Han, Zhen Xue; Wang, Bo P.

doi:10.5402/2012/528418

Cited by 100 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Wolfe et al [13] use CFD to investigate the two-dimensional aerodynamic performance of typical wind turbine airfoils with the standard κ − [14] turbulence model, concluding that this model is not appropriate at angles of attack with flow separation. Carrigan et al [15], fixing the tip speed ratio (TSR) of the wind turbine, developed an iterative design system to maximize the torque for different airfoil cross-sections and solidities in two-dimensional CFD simulations. The TSR, which is also referred to as λ in the manuscript, is defined as U/V ∞ , where U is the tip peripheral velocity of the rotor, namely ωR, ω is the angular velocity of the blade and R the rotor radius, while V ∞ is the free stream velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D CFD Analysis of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

et al. 2015

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To analyze the complex and unsteady aerodynamic flow associated with wind turbine functioning, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an attractive and powerful method. In this work, the influence of different numerical aspects on the accuracy of simulating a rotating wind turbine is studied. In particular, the effects of mesh size and structure, time step and rotational velocity have been taken into account for simulation of different wind turbine geometries. The applicative goal of this study is the comparison of the performance between a straight blade vertical axis wind turbine and a helical blade one. Analyses are carried out through the use of computational fluid dynamic ANSYS R Fluent R software, solving the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. At first, two-dimensional simulations are used in a preliminary setup of the numerical procedure and to compute approximated performance parameters, namely the torque, power, lift and drag coefficients. Then, three-dimensional simulations are carried out with the aim of an accurate determination of the differences in the complex aerodynamic flow associated with the straight and the helical blade turbines. Static and dynamic results are then reported for different values of rotational speed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D CFD Analysis of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

et al. 2015

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“…Another study performed by Morshed et al [14] showed that for a three-bladed Savonius wind turbine, the change of the blade shape can have a real impact on the performance and a better aerodynamic coefficient was found at a higher Reynolds number without any overlap. A fully automated process for optimizing the air foil cross-section of a VAWT was introduced and demonstrated by Carrigan et al [15] where the objective was to maximize the torque while enforcing typical wind turbine design constraints such as tip speed ratio, solidity, and blade profile.…”

Section: Review On Vertical Axis Wind Turbinementioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Investigations on Vertical Axis Wind Turbines of Different Models

Rahman¹,

Ahmed²,

Bashar³

et al. 2017

OALib

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Wind is a free and abundant energy source and conversion of wind energy to electrical energy has no negative impact to the environment. Though the harvest of energy using a horizontal axis turbine (HAWT) is extremely common worldwide, the wind speed requirement is relatively high for power generation. On the contrary, a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) can produce power at low wind speeds as compared to the HAWT counterpart. In addition, a VAWT can produce power regardless of the wind direction and the installation of a VAWT is simple and more cost effective than a HAWT. The purpose of the current study is to compare performances among different VAWT models using both numerical and experimental methods and find the one with the optimum performance. Standard aero-foil blade designs were considered in the current study because of their good aerodynamic characteristics. The study was performed using both computational and experimental methods. The 2D CAD design of five different VAWT models including three aero-foil blades (NACA5510, NACA7510, and NACA9510) were performed using Solid Works. CFD simulation of wind flow around these models was performed using a popular software FLUENT using the moving mesh technique. The pressure and velocity contours as well as different coefficients such as lift coefficient, drag coefficient, torque coefficient, and power coefficient were obtained from this simulation for all VAWT models. In addition, the physical models of NACA 7510, NACA 5510, and semicircular VAWTs were fabricated and tested in a subsonic wind tunnel. At three different speeds, dynamic torques were measured for all models experimentally. The current study showed that the VAWT model with NACA 7510 blade yielded the best result among all the models at a relatively high tip speed ratio (TSR).

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“…Turbines that face into the wind require a rudder or some other type of mechanism to be able to self-orientate to face the incoming current of air. Those that face away from the wind do not need this reader to self-orientate; however, they suffer from a vibration due to the support tower blocking part of the wind flow (Carrigan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy of Savonius and Darrieus types for vertical axis wind turbine

Almotairi¹,

Mustapha

Ariffin

et al. 2016

Int. j. adv. appl. sci

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Wind energy is one of the renewable energy sources or technology which is the cheapest the and cleanest compared to other types of energy. A new market in wind technology has emerged that has the means of efficiently convert the wind energy to a usable form of energy which is electricity. The foundation of this new technology is the wind turbine. Wind turbine is a machine that transfers fluid energy that passed through the blades and shaft to mechanical energy and transforms the mechanical energy to electricity through the use of a generator. Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) has been popular due to its small, quiet and simple design. Darrieus, Savonius, and Vane are the example of VAWT. This vertical axis wind turbine represents a suitable alternative for wind power extraction in many developing countries. The reason for this is mainly because of the advantage over the horizontal axis type such as Simple construction, extremely cost effective and acceptance of wind flow from any direction without orientation. In spite of these advantages, vertical axis wind turbine is not gaining popularity because of low efficiency of the Savonius type rotor and low starting torque of the Darrieus type wind machines. Hence, the objective of this paper is to design a VAWT by combining the Savonius type and Darrieus type so that the combination of these both designs is met the expectation to have a good performance of wind turbine.

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Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of a Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine Using Differential Evolution

Cited by 100 publications

References 19 publications

3D CFD Analysis of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

3D CFD Analysis of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Numerical and Experimental Investigations on Vertical Axis Wind Turbines of Different Models

Synergy of Savonius and Darrieus types for vertical axis wind turbine

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