Aerodynamic size distribution of the particles emitted from the flowers of allergologically important plants

Decrease in the Allergenicity of Japanese Cedar Pollen Allergen by Treatment with Positive and Negative Cluster Ions

“…Recently, Takahashi et al [46 ]reported that orbicles of 0.6- to 1.2-µm size reside in a pollen-adhered form or a free form in quantities more than 8 times those of the pollen numbers scattering from the anthers. As it is conceivable from the particle size that an orbicle containing Cry j 1 would waft easily into a living environment, an orbicle might be more important in the induction of allergic symptoms and more effective in its response to ion treatment than pollen.…”

Is the quantity of orbicules released by Dactylis glomerata and Cynosurus echinatus (Poaceae) big enough to play an allergenic role?

“…The size of the orbicules we determined corresponds to that found by Vinckier and Smets (0.431¡0.154 mm;Vinckier & Smets, 2001b, Table I ). Nevertheless, the percentage of the unknown micronic particles reported by Takahashi et al (1995) is too low (3.3%) to contribute significantly to the respirable aerosol fraction.…”

“…This question is pertinent but still controversial. In Cryptomeria japonica (Miki-Hirosige et al, 1994;Takahashi et al, 1995), Cupressus arizonica Greene and Cupressus sempervirens L. (Suarez-Cervera et al, 2003), orbicules were reported to be emitted from the anthers in large quantities. The same was assumed for Betula verrucosa since few orbicules were found in the anthers after anthesis (El-Ghazaly et al, 1995).…”

“…However, there are still conflicting reports regarding whether or not the amount of orbicules released into the atmosphere is significant (cf. Miki-Hirosige et al, 1994;ElGhazaly et al, 1995;Takahashi et al, 1995;Staff et al, 1999;Vinckier & Smets, 2001a, b;SuarezCervera et al, 2003;Vinckier et al, 2006).…”

Aeroallergen Immunoblotting with Human IgE Antibody

“…-Fourteen kinds of reference pollen were collected directly from flowering plants (Takahashi et al 1995) and kept at -20°C until used. Popiihs spp.…”