Aerodynamic Time-of-Flight Particle Size Measurement

Fields, Thomas B.

doi:10.1081/dis-120015376

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The EMP powder used in the PSD analysis was collected from the surface of a grinding machine at a nephrite-processing factory in Fengtian in May 2015. The PSD analyser uses an aerodynamic time-of-flight technique to measure particles that are 0.2–700 μm in diameter 24. The performance of the PSD analyser was verified using standard 20.6 μm glass microspheres (Duke Scientific Corporation, Palo Alto, California, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer mortality in a population exposed to nephrite processing

Yang¹,

Huang

Shie

et al. 2016

Occup Environ Med

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer mortality in a population exposed to nephrite processing

Yang¹,

Huang

Shie

et al. 2016

Occup Environ Med

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“…Rambert et al 1998); -The Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), based on calculating the autocorrelation of successive images of particles obtained with a fast video camera in a scene illuminated by a powerful laser source (e.g. Adrian 1991); -The Time-Of-Flight particle Spectrometer (TOFS), which consists in measuring the time spent by a particle to travel a given distance between two laser beams after being accelerated in a calibrate nozzle (Fields 2002); -Time of Fall Under Gravity (TFUG) method, which is based on measuring the time taken by a particle to fall under gravity through a given distance in steady air (Aylor 2002;Di-Giovanni et al 1995;Ferrandino and Aylor 1984;Malcom and Raupach 1991;Sawyer et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for measuring the settling velocity distribution of large biotic particles

et al. 2007

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A simple method for measuring the settling velocity (V s) distribution of pollen and spores 30–100 μm in diameter is detailed and evaluated. The method is called the ‘settling tower' and consists in taking sequential pictures of particles falling under gravity in calm air. The scene is illuminated by a cold light source, while a camera takes 15 pictures per second. Between 20,000 and 100,000 images are analysed to obtain the distribution of V s for a given set of particles. The method was validated using two standard particles with mean diameters of 68 and 108 μm, respectively, as well as Lycopodium spores, with a mean diameter of 35 μm. For each set of particles, the theoretical V s distribution was estimated from the particle diameter distribution and the volumetric mass using a non-Stokian law, as the Reynolds numbers of the particles were large. The mean V s was measured with the ‘settling tower' with less than 12% error, while the standard deviation of the V s distribution was estimated with less than 51% error. The maximum error on the mean V s was 12% for the Lycopodium spores and less than 2% for the two larger particles. The mean V s of Lycopodium spores was 4.2 cm s−1, and its standard deviation was 0.7 cm s−1. The reason for the small overestimation of V s for Lycopodium spores by the ‘settling tower' method is discussed. Preliminary measurements shows that, the ‘settling tower' could be of great practical interest for measuring the distribution of V s of maize pollen as well as other types of pollen or spores

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“…Based on this principle, aerodynamic time-of-flight (TOF) particle size measurement utilizes two overlapping laser beams to measure the particle velocity in the acceleration air stream created by an acceleration nozzle. Particles will accelerate in the air stream according to their size since small particles accelerate more quickly than large particles with greater inertia (Fields, 2002).…”

Section: Figure 28 Mechanism Of Particle Deposition In Aci (Adapted mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosolization Studies of Zn-DTPA Using Nebulizers for Decorporation of Internal Radioactive Contamination

Tang¹

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After individuals inhale radioactive particulate matter in nuclear disasters, pharmaceuticals will be essential to treat the contamination. Zn-DTPA can chelate to radionuclides, helping to accelerate the elimination of the radioactive components from the body. Although Zn-DTPA can be administered intravenously, medication in aerosol form could also be delivered directly to the lungs using commercial inhalers. This thesis will study the feasibility of aerosolizing Zn-DTPA solution by two inhalers (jet nebulizer and ultrasonic nebulizer), normally used in the treatment of asthma or bronchitis. Two evaluation parameters, the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (GSD), were used to assess whether aerosols can reach the lower respiratory tract (particle size should be within 1 to 5 microns for ideal delivery).Inhalable Zn-DTPA aerosols were successfully generated by both of the tested nebulizers. The particle size distribution was measured by a commercial particle size analyzer using time-offlight methods as well as a cascade impactor. Additionally, it was found that increasing the filling volume of Zn-DTPA solution in the jet nebulizer would decrease the MMAD and GSD, but this volume would not affect the MMAD of aerosols from the ultrasonic nebulizer. Zn-DTPA concentration also affected the MMAD in both nebulizers. MMAD significantly increased in the jet nebulizer along with the rising concentration. Small MMAD fluctuations were found in the ultrasonic nebulizer when the Zn-DTPA concentration was varied. Though more comprehensive work is necessary, this work could be used by health agencies around the world regarding nuclear disaster preparedness.iii

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Aerodynamic Time-of-Flight Particle Size Measurement

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Cancer mortality in a population exposed to nephrite processing

Cancer mortality in a population exposed to nephrite processing

A method for measuring the settling velocity distribution of large biotic particles

Aerosolization Studies of Zn-DTPA Using Nebulizers for Decorporation of Internal Radioactive Contamination

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