Aerodynamics and aerodynamic research in Formula 1

Toet, Willem

doi:10.1017/s0001924000007739

Cited by 42 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The downforce generated by a 2D airfoil can be calculated from a pressure distribution by the integral of the difference in pressure between upper and lower surfaces over the chord, (2) Downforce generate on the front wing mainplane can therefore be calculated, -C L = 0.96 on the centerline, and -C L = 0.82 at the quarter-span.…”

Section: Effects On Front Wing Downforcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The regulations [1] enable high power and low vehicle weight which leads to the cars being grip-limited. A key performance enabler for these vehicles is aerodynamic performance (especially downforce), enabling peak braking force exceeding 5g, with sustained lateral load of over 4g possible [2]. Aerodynamics is also recognized as a key performance differentiator between cars [2,3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the changes did result in a "cleaner" wake [15], they did not necessarily have the desired effect on overtaking, even increasing the downforce loss experienced by the following vehicle [15]. Such is the rate of progress in Formula 1 that much of the downforce lost at the beginning of 2009 was recovered by the end of that season [4] and the rear wing drag reduction system (DRS) was introduced ahead of the 2011 season [2,13,26] in a further attempt to improve overtaking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Aerodynamic Analysis of Grand Prix Cars Operating in Wake Flows

Newbon

Sims-Williams

Dominy

2017

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst.

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Section: Effects On Front Wing Downforcementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Aerodynamic Analysis of Grand Prix Cars Operating in Wake Flows

Newbon

Sims-Williams

Dominy

2017

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst.

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“…For some applications, such as motorsport, it is the condition where optimum aerodynamic performance is most desirable. A number of previous methods have been pursued with limited success, and none are able to sustain the correct flowfield, limiting the potential for aerodynamic development in this unique condition 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Type of Wind Tunnel for the Evaluation of Curved Motion

Keogh

Barber

Diasinos

et al. 2016

54th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting

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While aerodynamic analysis of the flow conditions during cornering can be an important design parameter for applications such as automobiles, vessels, and highly maneuverable aircraft, it can be difficult to simulate. This type of motion requires controlled and repeatable flow curvature, relative to the model. A new design to allow experimental testing for this condition has been developed, and by testing in a noninertial reference frame, flow curvature is achieved in the absence of a static pressure gradient. Initial results have demonstrated the ability of the concept to produce the correct flowfield and the new design offers potential for new experimental investigations that were previously unachievable. Acronyms CFD= computational fluid dynamics COR = center of rotation 1

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“…The latter is so rarely in the context of ongoing design development [1], and the previous two are usually carried out in close concern with CFD both filling in gaps in wind tunnel testing cannot be done in experimental conditions, in addition of the high cost of wind tunnel model and track-based testing [2]. While designing a race car the most important and significant sides the designer has to deal with, is the field of aerodynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic Characteristics of CLARK-Y Smoothed Inverted Wing with Ground Effects

Hussain¹

2016

IJCA

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A two-dimensional computational study had been performed regarding aerodynamic forces and pressures affecting a cambered inverted airfoil, CLARK-Y smoothed with ground effects by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, using the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0 solver. Turbulence effects are modeled using the Menter shear-stress transport (SST) two-equation model. The negative lift (down-force), drag forces and pressures surface were predicted through the simulation of wings over inverted wings in different parameters namely; varying incidences i.e. angles of attack of the airfoils, varying the ride hide from the ground covering various force regions, twodimensional cross-section of the inverted front wings to be fixed on nose of a race car-and varying speeds of initial airflow (Reynolds number). The results show that the downforce increases as the angle of attack increases; however, if an inverted wing is fixed on a car at high angles of attack the wing starts to stall which is not a desired condition that affects the vehicle stability and performance. As the ride height was reduced, the down-force was increased; at clearances between the suction surface and the ground of less than 0.2 of the chord length c, the down-force is significantly higher. Very close to the ground, at a ride height of less than 0.1c, downforce decreases as the wing stalls. Also, down-force increases as the free-stream velocity (Reynolds number) increases. The pressures for lower and upper surface of the wing increased with increasing both of angle of attack and ride height, but remains relatively ineffective with varying the speeds.

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Aerodynamics and aerodynamic research in Formula 1

Abstract: This paper will address the engineering performance differentiators for an F1 car and highlight the difference aerodynamics can make to that performance. It will also consider some basic aerodynamic challenges and the main tools used for aerodynamic exploration by teams.

Cited by 42 publications

References 5 publications

Aerodynamic Analysis of Grand Prix Cars Operating in Wake Flows

Aerodynamic Analysis of Grand Prix Cars Operating in Wake Flows

A New Type of Wind Tunnel for the Evaluation of Curved Motion

Aerodynamic Characteristics of CLARK-Y Smoothed Inverted Wing with Ground Effects

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