Aerodynamische Interferenzeffekte beim Formationsflug von Vögeln

Hummel, Dietrich; Beukenberg, Markus

doi:10.1007/bf01647158

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We previously evaluated, with the use of the aerodynamic model (Hummel 1973, Badgerow & Hainsworth 1981. Hummel & Beukenberg 1989, the likely energy savings for the Pink-footed Goose when flying in formation.…”

Section: Wing-tip Spacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schweppenberg 1952, Hamilton 1967, Lissaman & Schollenberger 1970. Gould & Heppner 1974, Hum-me1 1973, 1978, 1983, Hummel & Bock 1981, Badgerow & Hainsworth 1981, Hainsworth 1987, Hummel& Beukenberg 1989. Two main hypotheses have been advanced to explain the adoption of V flight formations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This lift then reduces the requirement for induced power input (Pennycuik 1969) by the following bird, which therefore experiences an energy saving. The exact position of each trailing bird is critically important because the potential savings are quite strongly dependent on lateral position but less so on elevational and longitudinal positions (Lissaman & Schollenberger 1970, Hummel& Beukenberg 1989. This hypothesis makes a clear prediction concerning the optimal wing-tip spacing of the birds: The lateral position should be maintained independent of how far behind each other the birds are flying, and there should be no correlation between lateral and longitudinal displacement of each bird relative to its immediate leader.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where b is the wing span (Glauert 1943, Badgerow & Hainsworth 1981, Hainsworth 1987. In a previous paper (Cutts & Speakman 1994), we suggested that Hummel(l973) and Hummel and Beukenberg (1989) had derived a model in which the distance between the vortex centres was further apart and equal to 0.89b. However, this was a misinterpretation of the original articles written in German, and in fact, Hummel's model generates the same distance between the vortices as derived in Eq.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The function of flight formations in Greylag Geese Anser anser; energy saving or orientation?

Speakman

Banks

1998

Ibis

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Twenty five formations of Greylag Geese Anser anser were photographed from immediately below to eliminate perspective distortion, and the lateral and longitudinal displacements of the birds relative to each other were measured. We scaled the photographs and used measurements of bill to tail and wing span made on 1 5 freshly shot birds to convert the lateral displacements to wing-tip spacings. The birds flew on average with an overlap of their wing tips (median = 17 cm) which corresponded very closely with the overlap expected (1 6 cm) from an aerodynamic model which predicted the position which maximized energy savings. However, the variation in positions was large, and only 17% of birds actually flew in the optimum range. The mean saving in induced power averaged across the distribution of positions was 26.5%, and the contribution to total flight costs was a reduction of 4.5-9%. This saving was greater than we found previously in the Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus. There was no correlation between position in the skein and longitudinal displacement, as would be anticipated if the birds were equalizing the savings across the skein. This does not mean costs were not equalized because other mechanisms are possible. There was no correlation between depth and wing tip spacing which does not support the orientation/communication hypothesis. Body size and thus flight costs may be a factor influencing the function of formation flights. 2 8 0

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Section: Wing-tip Spacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The function of flight formations in Greylag Geese Anser anser; energy saving or orientation?

Speakman

Banks

1998

Ibis

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“…Migrating Birds Optimization (MBO) is a nature-inspired population metaheuristic based on the V-shaped flight of the migrating birds [50,51], which is proven to be an effective formation in energy saving [52]. In the V-formation (shown in Figure 1), some parameters like wing-tip spacing (WTS), maximum width of the wing ( ), angle of the V-formation ( ), and depth and wing span ( ) are important to form an effective V-formation [53,54]. The conceptual similarity between the parameters of the algorithm of MBO with the actual migration of birds in V-flight formation is investigated in Duman et al [27].…”

Section: Migrating Birds Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Parallel Sorting for Migrating Birds Optimization When Solving Machine-Part Cell Formation Problems

Soto

Crawford

Almonacid

et al. 2016

Scientific Programming

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The Machine-Part Cell Formation Problem (MPCFP) is a NP-Hard optimization problem that consists in grouping machines and parts in a set of cells, so that each cell can operate independently and the intercell movements are minimized. This problem has largely been tackled in the literature by using different techniques ranging from classic methods such as linear programming to more modern nature-inspired metaheuristics. In this paper, we present an efficient parallel version of the Migrating Birds Optimization metaheuristic for solving the MPCFP. Migrating Birds Optimization is a population metaheuristic based on the V-Flight formation of the migrating birds, which is proven to be an effective formation in energy saving. This approach is enhanced by the smart incorporation of parallel procedures that notably improve performance of the several sorting processes performed by the metaheuristic. We perform computational experiments on 1080 benchmarks resulting from the combination of 90 well-known MPCFP instances with 12 sorting configurations with and without threads. We illustrate promising results where the proposal is able to reach the global optimum in all instances, while the solving time with respect to a nonparallel approach is notably reduced.

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A Migrating Birds Optimization Algorithm for Machine-Part Cell Formation Problems

Soto

Crawford

Almonacid

et al. 2015

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Aerodynamische Interferenzeffekte beim Formationsflug von Vögeln

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

The function of flight formations in Greylag Geese Anser anser; energy saving or orientation?

The function of flight formations in Greylag Geese Anser anser; energy saving or orientation?

Efficient Parallel Sorting for Migrating Birds Optimization When Solving Machine-Part Cell Formation Problems

A Migrating Birds Optimization Algorithm for Machine-Part Cell Formation Problems

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