Aeroelastic Tailoring of a Plate Wing with Functionally Graded Materials

Dunning, Peter D.; Stanford, Bret; Kim, Hyunsun; Jutte, Christine V.

doi:10.2514/6.2014-0344

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The common subjects that use ToCs to facilitate solutions of multi-objective optimisation problems are Manufacturing networks optimisation (Bitran and Morabito, 1999), scheduling (Catalão et al , 2008), capacity planning and resource allocation (Bretthauer et al , 2003) and inventory management (Grewal et al , 2014). The highlighted roles of ToCs within these studies are Decision support (Holtzman, 1984; Preetha Roselyn et al , 2014), data representation and visualisation (Abido, 2003; Rhyu and Kwak, 1988), best solution compromise (Avigad and Moshaiov, 2010; Mohagheghi et al , 2014; Zhao et al , 2011), comparing conflicting parameters (Dunning et al , 2014; Kuo et al , 2014), comparing solutions (Gardner and Everette, 1990; Quirante et al , 2013; Suwanruji and Enns, 2007) and feasible/infeasible area definition (Cao and Yang, 2004; Samarasinghe et al , 2013). However, these ToCs are developed by using the data generated by algorithms and mathematical calculations rather than real data, experience and knowledge.…”

Section: Review Of the Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Physics-based trade-off curves to develop a control access product in set-based concurrent engineering environment

Araci

Al-Ashaab²,

Almeida

2021

IJLSS

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Purpose This paper aims to present a process to generate physics-based trade-off curves (ToCs) to facilitate lean product development processes by enabling two key activities of set-based concurrent engineering (SBCE) process model that are comparing alternative design solutions and narrowing down the design set. The developed process of generating physics-based ToCs has been demonstrated via an industrial case study which is a research project. Design/methodology/approach The adapted research approach for this paper consists of three phases: a review of the related literature, developing the process of generating physics-based ToCs in the concept of lean product development, implementing the developed process in an industrial case study for validation through the SBCE process model. Findings Findings of this application showed that physics-based ToC is an effective tool to enable SBCE activities, as well as to save time and provide the required knowledge environment for the designers to support their decision-making. Practical implications Authors expect that this paper will guide companies, which are implementing SBCE processes throughout their lean product development journey. Physics-based ToCs will facilitate accurate decision-making in comparing and narrowing down the design-set through the provision of the right knowledge environment. Originality/value SBCE is a useful approach to develop a new product. It is essential to provide the right knowledge environment in a quick and visual manner which has been addressed by demonstrating physics knowledge in ToCs. Therefore, a systematic process has been developed and presented in this paper. The research found that physics-based ToCs could help to identify different physics characteristics of the product in the form of design parameters and visualise in a single graph for all stakeholders to understand without a need for an extensive engineering background and for designers to make a decision faster.

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Section: Review Of the Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Physics-based trade-off curves to develop a control access product in set-based concurrent engineering environment

Araci

Al-Ashaab²,

Almeida

2021

IJLSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Niino and Maeda (1990) for example examined the use of FGMs for handling very high thermal gradients in space-planes and the associated thermal stresses. Dunning et al (2014) investigated FGMs for use in aircraft wings and found that being able to vary material properties along with the geometry beneted the aero-elastic performance. An overview of FGM optimisation can be found in Birman and Byrd (2007) along with an overview of the eld in general.…”

Section: Functionally Graded Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Interpolation for Macroscopic Optimisation

Cramer¹

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Recent advances in additive manufacturing now allow the physical construction of designs with features on the scale of tens of micrometres. It is impractical to design macroscopic objects with such feature sizes by hand, yet designs exploiting this new manufacturing ability can be produced through computational algorithms, such as with structural optimisation. While the computational ability of structural optimisation techniques is improving, the direct optimisation of a structure spanning two or more length scales is still dicult. Despite this, the new nescale manufacturing capability can be exploited using multiscale structural optimisation to nd the best high resolution design for a particular application.A multiscale design consists of microstructures which are repeatedly placed to create the design according to a macroscopic description. Previous work in multiscale optimisation has focused either on homogeneous microstructures that do not vary throughout the macroscopic design;analytically dened microstructures whose variation is well-known such as square lattices; or top-down multiscale design. In top-down multiscale design the macroscopic requirements at various locations prescribe the microstructural optimisation problems to be solved.We seek to solve some of the issues associated with top-down multiscale designs while allowing ii a wider space of microstructures than those that are analytically dened. We present a novel bottom-up method for multiscale structural optimisation over two length scales, which we call microstructure interpolation for macroscopic optimisation (MIMO). Shape interpolation, or morphing, between optimised microstructures produces a continuous set of microstructures that smoothly varies in both geometry and mechanical properties. The smooth set is used for macroscopic optimisation similar to the material distribution method (see Figure 1).The output of any multiscale optimisation method must be transformed into a single unied description before a physical product can be manufactured. This transformation requires smooth transitions between the various microstructures to be well dened; the smoothness is assumed but not enforced in many existing top-down methods. The MIMO approach trades the generality of existing multiscale methods for a stronger unied interpretation: while the space of allowed microstructures is diminished compared to existing top-down methods, the microstructures vary smoothly throughout the design. This smoothness makes it clear how the microstructures can be transitioned between neighbouring macroscopic elements ensuring connectedness in the unied two-scale design. The MIMO method is also straightforward to apply to problems where a functionally graded material is desired.In this thesis the MIMO method is developed and tested. We rstly perform shape interpolation between a number of elastically isotropic microstructures optimised for bulk modulus. They are parameterised by their volume fraction and vary in stiness. The interpolated microstructures have sm...

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Trim and Structural Optimization of Subsonic Transport Wings using Nonconventional Aeroelastic Tailoring

Stanford

2014

32nd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference

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Several minimum-mass aeroelastic optimization problems are solved to evaluate the effectiveness of a variety of novel tailoring schemes for subsonic transport wings. Aeroelastic strength and panel buckling constraints are imposed across a variety of trimmed maneuver loads. Tailoring with metallic thickness variations, functionally graded materials, composite laminates, tow steering, and distributed trailing edge control effectors are all found to provide reductions in structural wing mass with varying degrees of success. The question as to whether this wing mass reduction will offset the increased manufacturing cost is left unresolved for each case.

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Aeroelastic Tailoring of a Plate Wing with Functionally Graded Materials

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Physics-based trade-off curves to develop a control access product in set-based concurrent engineering environment

Physics-based trade-off curves to develop a control access product in set-based concurrent engineering environment

Microstructure Interpolation for Macroscopic Optimisation

Trim and Structural Optimization of Subsonic Transport Wings using Nonconventional Aeroelastic Tailoring

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