Aerogel Cherenkov counters: Construction principles and applications

Carlson, P.

doi:10.1016/0168-9002(86)90503-6

Cited by 22 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This design concept follows earlier proven aerogel detector designs [15][16][17]. Since the photon detection probability is directly proportional to the fraction of the inner detector surface covered by the photo-cathode windows of the PMTs [13,14], the mechanically allowable maximum number of seven PMTs on each side was assumed in these studies. The simulations showed that the number of photo-electrons N pe as measured by all PMTs summed is uniform to within 10% over the full active area of the detector, with this two-sided readout.…”

Section: Design Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aerogel Čerenkov detector for the SHMS magnetic spectrometer in Hall C at Jefferson Lab

Horn

Mkrtchyan

Ali

et al. 2017

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Hadronic reactions producing strange quarks such as the exclusive p(e, e ′ K + )Λ and p(e, e ′ K + )Σ 0 reactions, or the semi-inclusive p(e, e ′ K + )X reaction, play an important role in studies of hadron structure and the dynamics that bind the most basic elements of nuclear physics. The small-angle capability of the new Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) in Hall C, coupled with its high momentum reach -up to the anticipated 11-GeV beam energy in Hall C -and coincidence capability with the well-understood High Momentum Spectrometer (HMS), will allow for probes of such hadron structure involving strangeness down to the smallest distance scales to date. To cleanly select the kaons, a threshold aerogel Cerenkov detector has been constructed for the SHMS. The detector consists of an aerogel tray followed by a diffusion box. Four trays for aerogel of nominal refractive indices of n=1.030, 1.020, 1.015 and 1.011 were constructed. The tray combination will allow for identification of kaons from 1 GeV/c up to 7.2 GeV/c, reaching ∼ 10 −2 proton and 10 −3 pion rejection, with kaon detection efficiency better than 95%. The diffusion box of the detector is equipped with 14 five-inch diameter photomultiplier tubes. Its interior walls are covered with Gore diffusive reflector, which is superior to the commonly used Millipore paper and improved the detector performance by 35%. The inner surface of the two aerogel trays with higher refractive index is covered with Millipore paper, however, those two trays with lower aerogel refractive index are again covered with Gore diffusive reflector for higher performance. The measured mean number of photoelectrons in saturation is ∼12 for n=1.030, ∼8 for n=1.020, ∼10 for n=1.015, and ∼5.5 for n=1.011. The design details, the results of component characterization, and initial performance tests and optimization of the detector are presented.

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Section: Design Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aerogel Čerenkov detector for the SHMS magnetic spectrometer in Hall C at Jefferson Lab

Horn

Mkrtchyan

Ali

et al. 2017

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…These unusual properties are determined by the structure of these materials in which the fragile solid network is preserved without any solvent present. As a result, there is an increasing scientific and industrial interest for the use of aerogels as potential thermal insulators, as matrices for heterogeneous catalysis, in gas storage and gas filtering, in studies of superfluid transitions, and as a refractive medium in Cherenkov detectors (25,26). The fragile solid network of aerogels can possess a density as low as 0.003 g/cm 3 but may still support 1600 times its weight (27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Xenon-131 Surface Sensitive Imaging of Aerogels in Liquid Xenon near the Critical Point

Pavlovskaya

Blue

Gibbs

et al. 1999

Journal of Magnetic Resonance

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“…Silica aerogel provides refractive indices that range between about 1.0026 and 1.26[84,85], closing the gap between gases (n ≈ 1) and liquids/solids (n 1.3).…”

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Particle identification

Lippmann

2012

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Particle IDentification (PID) is fundamental to particle physics experiments. This paper reviews PID strategies and methods used by the large LHC experiments, which provide outstanding examples of the state-of-the-art. The first part focuses on the general design of these experiments with respect to PID and the technologies used. Three PID techniques are discussed in more detail: ionization measurements, time-of-flight measurements and Cherenkov imaging. Four examples of the implementation of these techniques at the LHC are given, together with selections of relevant examples from other experiments and short overviews on new developments. Finally, the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS 02) experiment is briefly described as an impressive example of a space-based experiment using a number of familiar PID techniques.Comment: 61 pages, 30 figure

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Aerogel Cherenkov counters: Construction principles and applications

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

The Aerogel Čerenkov detector for the SHMS magnetic spectrometer in Hall C at Jefferson Lab

The Aerogel Čerenkov detector for the SHMS magnetic spectrometer in Hall C at Jefferson Lab

Xenon-131 Surface Sensitive Imaging of Aerogels in Liquid Xenon near the Critical Point

Particle identification

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