Aerosol‐Jet Printing of Polymer‐Sorted (6,5) Carbon Nanotubes for Field‐Effect Transistors with High Reproducibility

Rother, Marcel; Brohmann, Maximilian; Yang, Shuyi; Grimm, Stefan; Schießl, Stefan P.; Graf, Arko; Zaumseil, Jana

doi:10.1002/aelm.201700080

Cited by 83 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…While our average and highest mobilities are on par or higher than many polymer-SWNT random network OTFTs reported in the literature, [59,64,67,83,84] our mobilities are one to two orders of magnitude lower than record SWNT OTFTs prepared with highly aligned SWNTs. While our average and highest mobilities are on par or higher than many polymer-SWNT random network OTFTs reported in the literature, [59,64,67,83,84] our mobilities are one to two orders of magnitude lower than record SWNT OTFTs prepared with highly aligned SWNTs.…”

Section: Wwwadvelectronicmatdecontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…Techniques including dipcoating, [48] solution shear, [65] and inkjet [66] or aerosol [67] printing can allow for lowcost, largescale fabrica tion of highperformance OTFTs at room temperature, which is wellsuited for flexible electronics. Techniques including dipcoating, [48] solution shear, [65] and inkjet [66] or aerosol [67] printing can allow for lowcost, largescale fabrica tion of highperformance OTFTs at room temperature, which is wellsuited for flexible electronics.…”

Section: Otft Fabrication and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polycarbazole‐Sorted Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Incorporation into Organic Thin Film Transistors

Rice

Bodnaryk

Mirka

et al. 2018

Adv Elect Materials

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chemical and physical properties, including high mechanical strength, flexi bility, and unique optical and electrical properties. [1,2] The flexibility and stretch ability of carbon nanotubes, combined with their potential for comparable elec trical performance to traditional rigid materials (such as polysilicon and metal oxides) makes them particularly attractive for applications in wearable electronics, prosthetics, and flexible and printed elec tronics. [3] Their capacity for high charge carrier mobilities, [4] combined with solu tion processability, has resulted in the incorporation of SWNTs into photovol taics, [5] field effect transistors, [6] chem ical and biological sensors, [7][8][9] logic circuits, [10,11] and infrared photodetectors for telecommunications. [12] The structural polydispersity of as synthesized SWNTs, both in atomic struc ture and length, remains a major issue hindering widespread applications of these materials into electronics devices. [13] While some synthetic control over the diameter distribution can be achieved, all common techniques produce a dis tribution of chiralities and a mixture of both metallic and semiconducting nano tubes. [14] These mixtures are normally comprised of a ratio of ≈2:1 semiconducting SWNTs (scSWNTs) to metallic SWNTs (mSWNTs), in addition to the retention of impurities such as catalyst particles and amorphous carbon. This disparity in terms of electrical properties is not suitable for organic elec tronic devices, as mSWNTs can act as percolating or directly bridging paths that electrically short SWNT transistors, making the isolation of pure scSWNTs from a raw mixture of the utmost importance. [15] Additionally, SWNTs have poor solu bility and require the introduction of ancillary dispersants to properly exfoliate tube bundles to allow for the fabrication of uniform networks.Significant progress in the dispersion and separation of SWNTs according to electronic character, [16] chirality, [17] diameter, [18] or length [19] has been made over the past two decades. Density gradient ultracentrifugation, [20] gel chromatography, [21] DNA wrapping combined with ion The realization of organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) with performances that support low-cost and large-area fabrication remains an important and challenging topic of investigation. The unique electrical properties of singlewalled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) make them promising building blocks for next generation electronic devices. Significant advances in the enrichment of semiconducting SWNTs, particularly via π-conjugated polymers for purification and dispersal, have allowed the preparation of high-performance OTFTs on a small scale. The intimate interaction of the conjugated polymer with both SWNTs and the dielectric necessitates the investigation of a variety of conjugated polymer derivatives for device optimization. Here, the preparation of polymer-SWNT composites containing carbazole moieties, a monomer unit that has remained relatively overlooked for the dispersal of large-diameter semiconducting...

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Section: Wwwadvelectronicmatdecontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Otft Fabrication and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycarbazole‐Sorted Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Incorporation into Organic Thin Film Transistors

Rice

Bodnaryk

Mirka

et al. 2018

Adv Elect Materials

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“…It enables washing of the films to remove excess surfactant or polymer from the dispersion process, but also repeated depositions by spin-coating [107] or printing [103,104] and thus realization of more uniform and very thick nanotube films (several hundred nanometers). This network/thin film stability makes the next processing steps much easier in comparison to polymer semiconductors.…”

Section: Wwwadvelectronicmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[265,266] If this interaction is not desired, the network surface must be passivated, e.g., by adding a hydrophobic polymer layer. [103,104] One possible explanation is the impact of residual water at the polar glass surface causing electron trapping, [219,220] which is more pronounced for very thin networks that are completely in contact with the substrate. Thin nanotube layers of the same type show consistently larger current hysteresis than thick films.…”

Section: Charge Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For possible applications in high-frequency circuits and active-matrix displays, field-effect mobilities should reach at least 5-10 cm 2 V −1 s −1 [322] and on/off current ratios must be larger than 10 6 to ensure sufficient brightness contrast for each pixel in a display and avoid continuous power dissipation. [324][325][326][327][328][329][330][331] Semiconducting nanotube networks can be spin-coated, aerosol jet or inkjet printed [103,104,[332][333][334] or deposited by immersion of poly-L-lysine functionalized substrates in an SWCNT dispersion, [335] Owing to the insolubility of the deposited films and their (photo-)chemical robustness, these networks can be freely and easily patterned (e.g., by protection with photoresist followed by oxygen plasma etching). [324][325][326][327][328][329][330][331] Semiconducting nanotube networks can be spin-coated, aerosol jet or inkjet printed [103,104,[332][333][334] or deposited by immersion of poly-L-lysine functionalized substrates in an SWCNT dispersion, [335] Owing to the insolubility of the deposited films and their (photo-)chemical robustness, these networks can be freely and easily patterned (e.g., by protection with photoresist followed by oxygen plasma etching).…”

Section: Field-effect Transistors and Integrated Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison

Zaumseil

2018

Adv Elect Materials

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With the ability to produce large amounts of purely semiconducting and even monochiral dispersions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) their application as a bulk material in thin film devices on a large scale becomes feasible. Their physical properties, processing, and final devices are quite similar to those of semiconducting polymers. In the extreme case one may view carbon nanotubes as very long, rigid, and fully conjugated polymers. This analogy raises the question whether the knowledge accumulated over the last two decades of processing and studying conjugated polymers could be transferred to solution-processed nanotube devices. Here, the optical and electronic properties of both materials in solution and in thin films are discussed and compared with a focus on their application in optoelectronic devices. Some striking similarities and common issues are highlighted to show the connection between conjugated polymers and SWCNTs as 1D semiconductors.

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The Effect of Droplet Sizes on Overspray in Aerosol‐Jet Printing

Guang¹,

Gu²,

Tsang

et al. 2018

Adv Eng Mater

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One of the most important concerns of aerosol-jet based printing (AJP) is the substantial amount of overspray (OS) that can accompany printed traces. In this study, the authors develop a full, three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the aerosol carrier gas flow (CGF), that is, confined by an annular sheath gas flow (ShGF) during the AJP process. The authors then use this model to pinpoint the fundamental fluid mechanics principles that control the OS in a standard AJP process as a function of the droplet size distribution and the ShGF rate. In their model, the authors consider the trajectories of various sized, monodisperse droplets in an inkstream in order to unravel the manner in which the OS is dictated by the intricate interplay between drop size and both gas flow (CGF and ShGF) rates. Their results explain several experimental results, namely 1) that there is an abundance of smaller sized drops in the OS region at low ShGF rates; 2) that the OS first reduces and then increases as the ShGF rate increases; and 3) that there is no longer a prevalence of smaller particles in the OS region at larger ShGF rates. The authors also discuss the hitherto unaddressed issues related to how 1) the large impact velocity of the ink droplets at the substrate surface (and the resultant Weber number) and 2) the misalignment between the CGF and the cylindrical axis of the ShGF annulus appear to affect OS. The authors anticipate that their analysis will provide an important understanding in the optimization of operating parameters for AJP with respect to OS that can result in an overall improvement in printing resolution.

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Aerosol‐Jet Printing of Polymer‐Sorted (6,5) Carbon Nanotubes for Field‐Effect Transistors with High Reproducibility

Cited by 83 publications

References 66 publications

Polycarbazole‐Sorted Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Incorporation into Organic Thin Film Transistors

Polycarbazole‐Sorted Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Incorporation into Organic Thin Film Transistors

Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes or Very Rigid Conjugated Polymers: A Comparison

The Effect of Droplet Sizes on Overspray in Aerosol‐Jet Printing

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