Aerosol Transport in the California Central Valley Observed by Airborne Lidar

Young, R. J. De; Grant, William B.; Severance, Kurt

doi:10.1021/es048740l

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The APD and analog PMT outputs are amplified and conditioned before digitization by a 14-bit, 5-MS/s waveform analyzer (Gage Applied Inc. #1450). Default signal processing of the data includes 40 shots average (2 s) of the collected profiles before storage [17], [18].…”

Section: Two-micron Backscatter Lidar Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since it has already been validated in several missions, CAL is a good tool for validating the 2-μm lidar system [17]. The operation at two different wavelengths allows the comparison of various atmospheric features such as boundary layer height and structure and clouds with the 2-μm lidar.…”

Section: Two-micron Backscatter Lidar Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, a 2-μm lidar system utilizing the HPT as a detector is presented. The new system is validated by comparison with the compact aerosol lidar (CAL) operating at 532 and 1064 nm [17], [18]. The comparison will focus generally on the lidar performance and specifically on different detection technologies, in the form of PMT, APD, and HPT for 532, 1064, and 2053 nm detection, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Backscatter 2-$\mu\hbox{m}$ Lidar Validation for Atmospheric $\hbox{CO}_{2}$ Differential Absorption Lidar Applications

Refaat

Ismail

Koch

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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A 2-µm backscatter lidar system has been developed by utilizing tunable pulsed laser and infrared phototransistor for the transmitter and the receiver, respectively. To validate the system, the 2-µm atmospheric backscatter profiles were compared to profiles obtained at 1 and 0.5 µm using avalanche photodiode and photomultiplier tube, respectively. Consequently, a methodology is proposed to compare the performance of different lidar systems operating at different wavelengths through various detection technologies. The methodology is based on extracting the system equivalent detectivity and comparing it to that of the detectors, as well as the ideal background detectivity. Besides, the 2-µm system capability for atmospheric CO 2 temporal profiling using the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique was demonstrated. This was achieved by tuning the laser at slightly different wavelengths around the CO 2 R22 absorption line in the 2.05-µm band. CO 2 temporal profiles were also compared to in situ measurements. Preliminary results indicated average mixing ratios close to 390 ppm in the atmospheric boundary layer with 3.0% precision. The development of this system is an initial step for developing a high-resolution, high-precision direct-detection atmospheric CO 2 DIAL system. A successful development of this system would be a valuable tool in obtaining and validating global atmospheric CO 2 measurements.

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Section: Two-micron Backscatter Lidar Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Two-micron Backscatter Lidar Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Backscatter 2-$\mu\hbox{m}$ Lidar Validation for Atmospheric $\hbox{CO}_{2}$ Differential Absorption Lidar Applications

Refaat

Ismail

Koch

et al. 2011

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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“…The CAL system was built in the Science Directorate at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center and is described in De Young et al (2005). The lidar system is mounted on an aluminum frame as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Lidar System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Air Quality in the Southeastern Hampton–Norfolk–Virginia Beach Region with Airborne Lidar Measurements and MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth Retrievals

Lewis

Young

Chu

2010

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

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A study of air quality was performed using a compact, aircraft aerosol lidar designed in the Science Directorate at NASA Langley Research Center and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals. Five flights of lidar measurements conducted in the Hampton-Norfolk-Virginia Beach, Virginia, region showed complex regional aerosol distributions. Comparisons with MODIS AOD at 10 km 3 10 km and 5 km 3 5 km resolutions show good agreement, with correlation R 2 values of 0.82 and 0.88, respectively. Linear regressions of particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 mm (PM2.5) and AOD within the ranges of 5-40 mg m 23 and 0.05-0.7, respectively, result in R 2 values of ;0.64 and ;0.82 for MODIS and the Compact Aerosol Lidar, respectively. The linear regressions reflect approximately 51 mg m 23 to 1 AOD. These relationships are in agreement with previous findings for air pollution aerosols in the eastern United States and in northern Italy. However, large vertical variation is seen case by case, with planetary boundary layer heights ranging between 0.7 and 2 km and uncertainties ranging between 0.1 and 0.4 km. The results of the case studies suggest that AOD can be used as an indicator of surface measurements of PM2.5 but with larger uncertainties associated with small aerosol loading (AOD , 0.3).

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“…In the summer of 2003 several aerosol lidar flights were carried out in the California Central Valley showing the complex distribution of the valley aerosol distribution [10]. Figure 3a shows a 3-D projection of the Central Valley looking south toward the Tehachapi Mountains.…”

Section: Modis and Aerosol Lidar Profiles In The California Central Vmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol lidar and MODIS satellite comparisons for future aerosol loading forecast

et al. 2006

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Knowledge of the concentration and distribution of atmospheric aerosols using both airborne lidar and satellite instruments is a field of active research. An aircraft based aerosol lidar has been used to study the distribution of atmospheric aerosols in the California Central Valley and eastern US coast. Concurrently, satellite aerosol retrievals, from the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) instrument aboard the Terra and Aqua satellites, were take over the Central Valley. The MODIS Level 2 aerosol data product provides retrieved ambient aerosol optical properties (e.g., optical depth (AOD) and size distribution) globally over ocean and land at a spatial resolution of 10 km.The Central Valley topography was overlaid with MODIS AOD (5x5 km 2 resolution) and the aerosol scattering vertical profiles from a lidar flight. Backward air parcel trajectories for the lidar data show that air from the Pacific and northern part of the Central Valley converge confining the aerosols to the lower valley region and below the mixed layer. Below an altitude of 1 km, the lidar aerosol and MODIS AOD exhibit good agreement. Both data sets indicate a high presence of aerosols near Bakersfield and the Tehachapi Mountains. These and other results to be presented indicate that the majority of the aerosols are below the mixed layer such that the MODIS AOD should correspond well with surface measurements. Lidar measurements will help interpret satellite AOD retrievals so that one day they can be used on a routine basis for prediction of boundary layer aerosol pollution events.

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Aerosol Transport in the California Central Valley Observed by Airborne Lidar

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Backscatter 2-$\mu\hbox{m}$ Lidar Validation for Atmospheric $\hbox{CO}_{2}$ Differential Absorption Lidar Applications

Backscatter 2-$\mu\hbox{m}$ Lidar Validation for Atmospheric $\hbox{CO}_{2}$ Differential Absorption Lidar Applications

A Study of Air Quality in the Southeastern Hampton–Norfolk–Virginia Beach Region with Airborne Lidar Measurements and MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth Retrievals

Aerosol lidar and MODIS satellite comparisons for future aerosol loading forecast

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