Aesthetic Eyebrow Reconstruction with an Expanded Scalp Island Flap Pedicled by the Superficial Temporal Artery

Pang, Xing yuan; Ren, Jun; Xu, Wei; Wu, Rui; Yuan, Wei; Shu, Ying

doi:10.1007/s00266-016-0736-4

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As reported, the scalp has been widely used as split-thickness skin grafts or pedicled skin flaps for severe burn scars, 23 face reconstruction, 24,25 and tissue defects 26 . Surgeons found that compared with other types of skin grafts, the scalp as a donor site possess the following merits, including imperceptible scarring, quick wound healing, hair availability, convenient postoperative care, and minimal contractures after transplantation 27,28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repair of Scars and Tissue Deficiency With Free Grafts of Full-thickness Scalp in Secondary Unilateral Cleft Lip Deformity

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Although surgical techniques have developed, the incidence of secondary cleft lip deformities after the primary repair is still high. Asymmetry of Cupid's bow and philtrum is a common presentation and a technical challenge to reconstruct the upper lip. The authors introduce a technique to use the free grafts of the full-thickness scalp for the correction of scars and tissue deficiency in secondary unilateral cleft lip deformity. Thirty-seven patients with a prominent scar, tight upper lip, deformed Cupid's bow and philtrum, and irregular vermillion border were included in this study. The specific points of interest were assessed before and after surgery by independent examiners with both subjective and objective methods. All surgeries were successfully completed, and the assessment results were satisfactory. The rating scores of philtrum improvement was 1.6 ± 0.4, the POSAS result of patient scales was 13.48 ± 3.21, and the observer scale result was 11.98 ± 3.88. The asymmetry of Cupid's bow was corrected (P = 0.004), the central tubercle of vermilion was more natural (P = 0.001), and the irregular vermillion border was improved (P = 0.015). The results presented significant differences before and after surgery. This method could be an optional treatment for repairing scars and tissue deficiency in secondary unilateral cleft lip deformity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repair of Scars and Tissue Deficiency With Free Grafts of Full-thickness Scalp in Secondary Unilateral Cleft Lip Deformity

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…Scarred hair defects in children are most common after scalp burns, trauma, and head surgery. Children with cicatricial baldness on the scalp are mainly treated by skin flap transfer, scar reduction surgery, tissue expansion surgery, silicone rubber wire traction-assisted scalp extension surgery, and hair transplantation [ 1 , 2 ]. Before hair transplantation, it is necessary to evaluate the tissue thickness and composition of the scalp scar tissue as well as the scar area [ 3 ], which can assist in ultrasound and x-ray examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Autologous Hair Transplantation Technique in Children with Cicatricial Alopecia

et al. 2023

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Introduction Cicatricial alopecia not only affects the appearance of children's heads and faces but also their mental health in the long term. This study aims to explore the therapeutic characteristics and clinical effects of autologous hair transplantation technology in children with cicatricial alopecia. Methods Children in our department who received autologous hair transplantation technology for cicatricial baldness of the scalp from February 2019 to October 2022 were collected. Their basic information was analyzed, and postoperative follow-up was conducted, including calculation of hair follicle survival rate, hair growth, complications, and an efficacy satisfaction survey given to the children's family members. Results Thirteen children were included in this study (10 males and 3 females), aged from 4 years 1 month to 12 years 10 months, with an average age of 7 years 5 months. Two hundred to 2500 hair follicular units were extracted, with an average recipient area of 22.7 cm 2 , an average hair follicle unit density of 55.3 ± 9.1 per cm 2 , and an average hair/follicular unit (hair/FU) ratio of 1.75 ± 0.07. Thirteen children in this group were followed up for 6–12 months with the following treatment options: FUE (follicular unit extraction, 9 cases), FUT (follicular unit transplantation, 3 cases), and FUT combined with FUE (1 case). The average hair survival rate was 85.3%. Except for one child with temporary folliculitis, there were no complications. The GAIS score is divided into five levels: complete improvement (2 cases), obvious improvement (10 cases), partial improvement (1 case), no improvement (0 cases), and deterioration (0 cases). The patient satisfaction results included very satisfied (2 cases), mostly satisfied (10 cases), and dissatisfied (1 case). Conclusion Autologous hair transplantation technology is a safe and effective method for children with cicatricial alopecia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-023-02581-3.

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“…However, the high incidence rate of venous congestion limits its application in reconstructing large defects 11 . The parietal branch of the STA flap is characterized by a rich blood supply, less flap necrosis, and utility in reconstructing hair-bearing defects, such as the eyebrows 12 and the beard area of males 13 . However, reconstructing the face and neck area with a hair-bearing flap does not meet the principles of plastic and reconstructive surgery 14 …”

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confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of Large Cervicofacial Defects With Expanded Island Superficial Temporal Artery Flaps and an 810-nm Diode Laser Hair Removal Technique

Gao

et al. 2021

Ann Plast Surg

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Background: Extensive cervicofacial reconstruction is challenging for plastic surgeons. Because of the location of the adjacent scalp flap nourished by the superficial temporal artery (STA), it can be a candidate for cervicofacial reconstruction. Objectives: This article aims to report a combined treatment of an expanded island STA flap and an 810-nm diode laser hair removal technique for extensive cervicofacial defects. Methods: Between January 2015 and December 2018, 10 patients with lower face and neck scar contraction were reconstructed with a bilateral or unilateral expanded STA island flap and an 810-nm diode laser for hair removal in this retrospective study. Hair removal via the 810-nm laser was started when the injected volume reached the volume of the expander, with a fluence of 35 to 40 J/cm 2 and a 1 to 2 Hz repetition rate. Before second-stage surgery, the hair reduction rate was assessed. Twelve months after surgery, the degree of epilation efficacy according to the satisfaction scale and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale was evaluated.Results: This study included 2 single-pedicle flaps and 8 double-pedicle flaps. The average size of the implanted expanders was 600 mL. The average injected volume was 1405 mL. Before second surgery, there was a 67.4% hair reduction rate. Twelve months after surgery, the results of Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale were very good (3), good (6), average (1), and poor (0). Conclusions: The expanded island STA flap and 810-nm diode laser technique may be a novel treatment option for severe face and neck aesthetic reconstruction.

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Aesthetic Eyebrow Reconstruction with an Expanded Scalp Island Flap Pedicled by the Superficial Temporal Artery

Abstract: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Repair of Scars and Tissue Deficiency With Free Grafts of Full-thickness Scalp in Secondary Unilateral Cleft Lip Deformity

Repair of Scars and Tissue Deficiency With Free Grafts of Full-thickness Scalp in Secondary Unilateral Cleft Lip Deformity

Application of Autologous Hair Transplantation Technique in Children with Cicatricial Alopecia

Reconstruction of Large Cervicofacial Defects With Expanded Island Superficial Temporal Artery Flaps and an 810-nm Diode Laser Hair Removal Technique

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