Aetiologies of diarrhoea in adults from urban and rural treatment facilities in Bangladesh

Ferdous, Farzana; Ahmed, Shahnawaz; Farzana, Fahmida Dil; Das, Jui; Malek, Mohammad Abdul; Das, Sumon Kumar; Salam, Mohammed Abdus; Faruque, A. S. G.

doi:10.1017/s0950268814002283

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…To study within-host diversity of V. cholerae during infection, we used stool and rectal swab samples collected from cholera patients admitted to the icddr,b Dhaka Hospital, and from their household contacts, as previously described ( 12 ). Patients present to the icddr,b year-round with cholera, and cases peak during biannual floods ( 58 , 59 ). Index cases were defined as patients presenting to the hospital with severe acute diarrhea and a stool culture positive for V. cholerae .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of Metagenomic and Cultivation Approaches Reveals Hypermutator Phenotypes within Vibrio cholerae-Infected Patients

et al. 2021

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Pathogen evolution within patients can impact phenotypes such as drug resistance and virulence, potentially affecting clinical outcomes. V. cholerae infection can result in life-threatening diarrheal disease or asymptomatic infection. Here, we describe whole-genome sequencing of V. cholerae isolates and culture-free metagenomic sequencing from stool of symptomatic cholera patients and asymptomatic carriers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of Metagenomic and Cultivation Approaches Reveals Hypermutator Phenotypes within Vibrio cholerae-Infected Patients

et al. 2021

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“…Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b is situated in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, a metropolitan area (1,500 km 2 ) with a total population of ~15 million. Established in 1962, icddr,b provides free care and treatment to around 140,000 patients annually (Ferdous et al, ). Most of these patients are from poor socio‐economic communities in urban and semiurban areas of Dhaka.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mother's dietary diversity and association with stunting among children <2 years old in a low socio‐economic environment: A case–control study in an urban care setting in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Hasan

Islam

Mubarak

et al. 2018

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Mothers are often responsible for preparing nutritious foods in their households. However, the quality of mother's diets is often neglected, which may affect both mother's and child's nutrition. Because no single food contains all necessary nutrients, diversity in dietary sources is needed to ensure a quality diet. We aimed to study the association between mother's dietary diversity and stunting in children <2 years attending Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b, a diarrhoeal disease hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A case-control study (n = 296) was conducted from November 2016 to February 2017. Data were collected from mothers of stunted children <2 years (length-for-age z score [LAZ] < -2) as "cases" and nonstunted (LAZ ≥ -1) children <2 years as "controls." Mothers were asked to recall consumption of 10 defined food groups 24 hr prior to the interview as per Guidelines for Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women. Among the mothers of cases, 58% consumed <5 food groups during the last 24 hr, compared with 45% in control mothers (P = 0.03). Children whose mothers consumed <5 food groups were 1.7 times more likely to be stunted than children whose mothers consumed ≥5 food groups (P = 0.04). Intake of food groups such as pulses, dairy, eggs, and vitamin A rich fruit was higher in control mothers. Proportion of mother's illiteracy, short stature, monthly family income

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“…This disease was recently reported to be the second most commonly isolated pathogen after Vibrio cholerae among adults attending urban and rural treatment facilities in Bangladesh (14). Rotavirus is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route, and two main seasonal patterns have been described.…”

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Differential and enhanced response to climate forcing in diarrheal disease due to rotavirus across a megacity of the developing world

Martinez

King

Yunus

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The role of climate forcing in the population dynamics of infectious diseases has typically been revealed via retrospective analyses of incidence records aggregated across space and, in particular, over whole cities. Here, we focus on the transmission dynamics of rotavirus, the main diarrheal disease in infants and young children, within the megacity of Dhaka, Bangladesh. We identify two zones, the densely urbanized core and the more rural periphery, that respond differentially to flooding. Moreover, disease seasonality differs substantially between these regions, spanning variation comparable to the variation from tropical to temperate regions. By combining process-based models with an extensive disease surveillance record, we show that the response to climate forcing is mainly seasonal in the core, where a more endemic transmission resulting from an asymptomatic reservoir facilitates the response to the monsoons. The force of infection in this monsoon peak can be an order of magnitude larger than the force of infection in the more epidemic periphery, which exhibits little or no postmonsoon outbreak in a pattern typical of nearby rural areas. A typically smaller peak during the monsoon season nevertheless shows sensitivity to interannual variability in flooding. High human density in the core is one explanation for enhanced transmission during troughs and an associated seasonal monsoon response in this diarrheal disease, which unlike cholera, has not been widely viewed as climate-sensitive. Spatial demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental heterogeneity can create reservoirs of infection and enhance the sensitivity of disease systems to climate forcing, especially in the populated cities of the developing world.M any infectious diseases, especially those infectious diseases that are water-borne and vector-borne, have been shown to exhibit significant interannual variability in the size of seasonal outbreaks (e.g., 1-6). Identification of climate factors shaping interannual and seasonal variability is prerequisite to an understanding of the basic transmission biology of these environmentally driven diseases, and of their response to climate change. The impact of climate factors on the population dynamics of infectious diseases has typically been addressed at large spatial scales by aggregating surveillance data over whole countries, regions, and cities (e.g., 3, 4, 6-8). Global climate drivers, such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), are expected to operate over large spatial scales, synchronizing fluctuations of disease incidence across space [i.e., the Moran effect in population dynamics (9, 10)]. A recent study has shown, however, that the spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera in Dhaka, Bangladesh, are not homogeneous at intraurban scales (11). Two regions or clusters were identified, corresponding, respectively, to the highly populated core and the more rural periphery. The urban core was shown to be more climatesensitive, acting to propagate climate perturbations in cholera infection risk to the r...

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Aetiologies of diarrhoea in adults from urban and rural treatment facilities in Bangladesh

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

A Combination of Metagenomic and Cultivation Approaches Reveals Hypermutator Phenotypes within Vibrio cholerae-Infected Patients

A Combination of Metagenomic and Cultivation Approaches Reveals Hypermutator Phenotypes within Vibrio cholerae-Infected Patients

Mother's dietary diversity and association with stunting among children <2 years old in a low socio‐economic environment: A case–control study in an urban care setting in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Differential and enhanced response to climate forcing in diarrheal disease due to rotavirus across a megacity of the developing world

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