AeTIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE SPORADIC DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Margulis, Mario; Soloviev, V. D.; Shubladze, A. K.

doi:10.1136/jnnp.9.2.63

Cited by 37 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Interest in specific viruses in multiple sclerosis was stimulated by the report in 1946 from the Soviet Union that viruses had been isolated in mice from 2 patients with multiple sclerosis: one from the blood of the patient and the other from cerebral tissue (Margulis et al, 1946). These viruses, however, were identified in other laboratories as rabies virus, and antibody was not found against the agent in the sera of patients (Dick et al, 1958).…”

Section: Virus Isolationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections and multiple sclerosis

Venkatesan

Johnson

2014

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown cause. Increasing evidence suggests that the disease develops as a result of interactions between the environment and the immune system in genetically susceptible individuals. It has long been recognized that infections may serve as environmental triggers for the disease, and a large number of pathogens have been proposed to be associated with multiple sclerosis. Here, we detail the historical basis linking infections to multiple sclerosis and review the epidemiology of the disease, which suggests a possible relationship with infectious agents. We also describe pathophysiologic studies in animals and other human demyelinating diseases that have demonstrated a variety of mechanisms by which infectious agents may induce chronic, relapsing central nervous system disease with myelin damage and relative preservation of axons, similar to multiple sclerosis. In addition, we discuss recent studies in individuals with multiple sclerosis indicating enhanced immune responses to infectious antigens, though not consistently demonstrating evidence for ongoing infection. Taken together, these studies suggest a role for infectious agents in the development of multiple sclerosis. Conclusive evidence, however, remains lacking.

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Section: Virus Isolationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections and multiple sclerosis

Venkatesan

Johnson

2014

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

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“…The Wrst recovery of a virus that evoked serious consideration was the 1946 Soviet claim of recovery of a virus in mice inoculated with spinal Xuid and brain tissue of two patients with MS (Margulis et al, 1946). The virus was shown independently to be rabies virus; whether the patient diagnosis was wrong or the agents were laboratory contaminants was unknown.…”

Section: Isolation Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Demyelinating Diseases

Johnson¹,

Major

2004

Myelin Biology and Disorders

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“…This hypothesis is supported by the fact that depletion of CD8 + and CD4 + T cells prevents the onset of immunopathology [57], and by the evidence that neurons can express MHC class I molecules in presence of interferon-~ (IFN-7) or bioelectric signals [43]. Rabies virus has been suspected on several occasions to be involved in neuronal degenerative pathology [15,38]. This is a well-documentated mechanism for several neurological infections [48] that needs more study in the case of the rabies immunopathology.…”

Section: Rabies Immunopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%