Aetiology of Acute Diarrhoea in Hospitalized Children in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil

Mangia, Adriana Hamond Regua; Duarte, Alexandra; Duarte, Rita Carolina Figueiredo; Silva, L. A.; Bravo, Viviana; Leal, M

doi:10.1093/tropej/39.6.365

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…isolated from children was slightly lower compared with the results of other authors. In Rio de Janeiro, Mangia et al (1993) found that 9.9% (15/153) of stool samples from children under 5 years of age with and without diarrhoea were positive for Campylobacter spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and characterization of Campylobacter spp.isolates in dogs, cats and children

et al. 2015

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RESUMO.-[Ocorrência e caracterização de isolados de Campylobacter spp. em cães, gatos e crianças.] Com o objetivo de melhorar o entendimento das infecções porCampylobacter spp. em cães, gatos e crianças no Brasil, foram avaliadas 160 amostras fecais de crianças e 120 swabs retais de pets (103 cães e 17 gatos). Do total das amostras das crianças, 6,87% foram positivas para Campylobacter spp. e em cães e gatos a positividade foi de 18,3%. Das 33 amostras positivas para Campylobacter spp., 57,6% foram identificadas como C. jejuni e 33,4% foram identificadas como C. coli. Mais de 50% das amostras isoladas de pets foram resistentes a ceftiofur, sulphazotrim, norfloxacina e tetraciclina. Em crianças, a maioria das amostras foi resistente a amoxilina, cefazolina, ceftiofur, eritromicina e norfloxacina. De 19 isolados de C. jejuni, 11 isolados de crianças e cinco (5) de cães tinham dois (2) dos quatro (4) genes de virulência flaA, pldA, cadF or ciaB. Associação positiva entre a presença de Campylobacter spp. e diarreia em cães e gatos foi observada em animais desverminados e com hemograma sugestivo de infecção bacteriana. Também houve associação positiva entre a presença dos genes de virulên-cia e a ocorrência de diarreia, e entre o uso de antibióticos e a positividade para Campylobacter spp. em suabes fecais de pets. To improve the understanding of implications of Campylobacter spp. infections in pets and children of different environments were analysed 160 faecal samples from children and 120 from pets (103 dogs and 17 cats). Campylobacter spp. were detected in 6.87% of the children and in 18.3% of the dogs and cats. From 33 stool samples positive for Campylobacter spp., 57.6% were identified as C. jejuni, and 33.4% were identified as C. coli. More than 50% of the isolates in pets were resistant to ceftiofur, sulphazotrim, norfloxacin and tetracycline. In humans, most of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, cefazolin, ceftiofur, erythromycin and norfloxacin. From 19 isolates of C. jejuni, 11 isolates from children and 5 from dogs contained two to four of the virulence genes flaA, pldA, cadF or ciaB. We found an association between the presence of virulence genes and diarrhoea. Furthermore, an association was observed between the presence of Campylobacter spp. and diarrhoea in dewormed pets with blood picture suggestive of bacterial infection, and the therapeutic use of antibiotics was associated with more positive detection of Campylobacter spp. in the faeces of pets. Our data indicate that virulent strains of Campylobacter spp. can be risk factor to diarrhoea in animals, and that high resistance to antimicrobial agents is common in pets. de Campylobacter spp. são fatores de risco para diarreia em cães e a resistência antimicrobiana é comum em isolados de cães.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and characterization of Campylobacter spp.isolates in dogs, cats and children

et al. 2015

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“…They were selected on the basis of the frequency of serotypes isolated during a study previously performed in our laboratory (Regua Mangia et al 1993). For all experiments, bacteria cells were grown in brain heart infusion broth (BHI; Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Michigan, USA) for 18 hr.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Investigation on the Chemical Composition of the Cell Surface of Five Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Serotypes

Mangia

Bergter

Teixeira

et al. 1999

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a leading cause of diarrhea in children living in developing countries, especially among infants from 6 months to 1 year old (Gomes et al. 1989, Regua et al. 1990, Albert et al. 1995, Tamura et al. 1996. Although diarrhea is often severe and protracted, EPEC virulence factors are not completely well understood (Baldwin 1998).Bacterial adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells has been considered an important step for the pathogenicity of EPEC serotypes leading to ultrastructural and functional changes (Donnenberg et al. 1998). It has been observed that EPEC strains present multifactorial virulence mechanisms and chemical and physical properties of their surfaces are assumed to be related to pathogenicity (Orskov et al. 1977). In nature, bacteria adhere to different substrata by a mass of tangled polysaccharides fibers, a component outside the cell wall (Costerton et al. 1978). This exopolysaccharide network mediates adhesion of bacteria to various substrata, including certain epithelial surfaces of the human host (Peterson & Quie 1981). On the other hand, extracellular capsular polysaccharides of different bacteria, including E. coli, have been frequently associated with diseases (Muhldorfer & Hacker 1994).The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the chemical nature of exopolysaccharides isolated from different E. coli serotypes. The cellular topology of these components was also assayed by transmission electron microscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODSStrains -EPEC strains belonging to five different serotypes (O111:H2; O111:H12; O125:H9; O119:H6 and O26:H11) were analyzed. They were selected on the basis of the frequency of serotypes isolated during a study previously performed in our laboratory (Regua Mangia et al. 1993). For all experiments, bacteria cells were grown in brain heart infusion broth (BHI; Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Michigan, USA) for 18 hr.Lectin agglutination -Agglutination tests were performed in 96-well, round bottom microtiter plates (Takatsy microtiter plates; Cooke Engineering Co., Alexandria, Virginia, USA), using a pro- cedure based on that described by Wong et al. (1986) and the 17 lectins listed in Table I. For that, equal volumes (0.025 ml) of bacterial cells suspensions (2 X 10 8 bacteria/ml) and lectin solutions (0.24 to 1000 µg/ml) were mixed and incubated at room temperature or at 4°C for 1 and 2 hr, respectively. Cell agglutination was scored by visual inspection.Extraction and purification of the capsular polysaccharide -Capsular polysaccharide were extracted as previously described (Lloyd 1970). Briefly, strains were grown in 250 ml of BHI and, after centrifugation, 3 vol of ethanol were added to the supernatant to precipitate the polysaccharides. Precipitates were redissolved in water and reprecipitated three times with ethanol. The crude polymers were fractionated by stepwise precipitation with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (Cetavlon) at pH 7.0 (Fraction A) and Cetavlonborate at pH 8.8 (Fraction B). Polysaccharides ...

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“…Essa tendência é verificada a partir da déca-da de 80, tanto para casos graves (internados) como leves (ambulatoriais) 5,9,14 . O aumento da proporção de rotavírus entre os casos de diarréia não parece resultar de um aumento de incidência 2,3 .…”

Section: Perfil Dos Agentes Encontradosunclassified

“…Em conseqüência, nos países desenvolvidos a freqüência de quadros diarréicos por criança é de apenas 0,5 a 2 episódios por lactente/ano, enquanto que nas regiões em desenvolvimento pode atingir até mais de 10 episódios/ ano 7 . O rotavírus prepondera nos países desenvolvidos, e as bactérias são mais importantes para as crianças de países em desenvolvimento [8][9][10][11][12] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Etiologic profile of acute diarrhea in children in São Paulo

Souza¹,

Martinez²,

Taddei³

et al. 2002

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Aetiology of Acute Diarrhoea in Hospitalized Children in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil

Cited by 22 publications

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Occurrence and characterization of Campylobacter spp.isolates in dogs, cats and children

Occurrence and characterization of Campylobacter spp.isolates in dogs, cats and children

A Preliminary Investigation on the Chemical Composition of the Cell Surface of Five Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Serotypes

Etiologic profile of acute diarrhea in children in São Paulo

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