Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children under Five Years in Nakuru, Kenya

Matu, Martin; Kikuvi, Gideon; Wanzala, Peter; Karama, Mohamed; Symekher, Samwel

doi:10.15406/jmen.2014.01.00021

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…The findings in this study are comparable to the previous study in Kenya among children below 5 years of age, whereby viruses were isolated in 45% of children with RTIs 25 . In comparison to a previous study in refugee camp in Kenya the prevalence of viral infection reported in this study is low (46% vs. 66.6%) 26 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania

Kwiyolecha

Groendahl

Okamo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Upper-respiratory tract infections (URTI) are the leading causes of childhood morbidities. This study investigated etiologies and patterns of URTI among children in Mwanza, Tanzania. A cross-sectional study involving 339 children was conducted between October-2017 and February-2018. Children with features suggestive of URTI such as nasal congestion, dry cough, painful swallowing and nasal discharge with/without fever were enrolled. Pathogens were detected from nasopharyngeal and ear-swabs by multiplex-PCR and culture respectively. Full blood count and C-reactive protein analysis were also done. The median age was 16 (IQR: 8–34) months. Majority (82.3%) had fever and nasal-congestion (65.5%). Rhinitis (55.9%) was the commonest diagnosis followed by pharyngitis (19.5%). Viruses were isolated in 46% of children, the commonest being Rhinoviruses (23.9%). Nineteen percent of children had more than 2 viruses; Rhinovirus and Enterovirus being the commonest combination. The commonest bacteria isolated from ears were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Children with viral pathogens had significantly right shift of lymphocytes (73%—sensitivity). Majority (257/339) of children were symptoms free on eighth day. Viruses are the commonest cause of URTI with Rhinitis being the common diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic assays for URTI pathogens are urgently needed in low-income countries to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions which is associated with antibiotic resistance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania

Kwiyolecha

Groendahl

Okamo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Risk factors for respiratory infections in a group of pediatric patients

Stavar-Matei,

Nechita,

Nechita

et al. 2024

ELECTRON J GEN MED

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Introduction: Specialized studies confirm the fact that respiratory infections are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality within the pediatric population under 5 years of age. Despite the existence of countless clinical and paraclinical management protocols, the treatment and evolution of these patients are often unpredictable. Methods: This study took place over a period of three years, comprising a final group of 181 pediatric patients, centralizing all social, demographic, clinical, and paraclinical data obtained from the observation sheets. Results: This group included 181 patients with an average age of 3.33 (out of which 14.36% were aged under one year), an average weight at birth of 3,003.71 g, hospitalized at the Sf. Ioan Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children in Galati for an average number of days equal to 8.72. Most of them come from urban areas (62.43%) and the incidence of examinations reached its peak during the winter months (37.56%). Low incidences of anti-pneumococcal vaccinations (3.9%) or other additional vaccines (0.6%) were detected. Conclusions: In conclusion, this descriptive statistical analysis has demonstrated that there is a number of complex interactions involving both emotional, psychological, and individual factors that can influence the therapeutic decision-making process for these pediatric patients.

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Natural radioactive risk assessment in top soil and possible health effect in Minim and Martap villages, Cameroon: using radioactive risk index and statistical analysis

Nyamsari

Yalçın

Mboh³

et al. 2019

Kerntechnik

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The Minim and Martap villages are famous for their richness in bauxite mineralization. Acute respiratory infection, known to stem from 238U and 232Th activities, is one of the main reasons to the mortality and morbidity of the over 40,000 local inhabitants. Radioactive elements in top of the soils of the area are potential causes to this infection. Therefore, the natural activity concentration of radioactive elements in the area was investigated. Top soil samples collected from the village settlement area and some plateaus were analyzed using methods LF700 (for 40K) and LF100 (for 238U and 232Th). The measured concentration of the elements was higher than the world mean value. Samples of felsic volcanic soils and rocks were identified to have the highest concentration of the elements. 232Th and 238U revealed relatively higher activity concentration while that of 40K was lower. Absorbed dose rate are higher in all the samples by a factor range of 1.2–2.1 times greater when compared to world average. Annual effective indoor and outdoor doses, radi-um equivalence (Raeq), internal (Hin) and external (Hex) hazard indexes, and the Excess lifetime cancer risks of samples, are all within the world averages by UNSCEAR.

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Aetiology of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children under Five Years in Nakuru, Kenya

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania

Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania

Risk factors for respiratory infections in a group of pediatric patients

Natural radioactive risk assessment in top soil and possible health effect in Minim and Martap villages, Cameroon: using radioactive risk index and statistical analysis

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