Aetiology of acute sporadic non‐A, non‐B viral hepatitis in India

Arankalle, Vidya A.; Chobe, L. P.; Jha, J.; Chadha, Mandeep S.; Banerjee, Kalyan; Favorov, Michael O.; Kalinina, T. I.; Fields, Howard A.

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890400208

Cited by 89 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For instance, in some studies from the Indian subcontinent, HEV infection accounted for up to 70% of adult cases with sporadic hepatitis. [44][45][46] The patients with sporadic hepatitis E in these regions share several epidemiological and clinical characteristics with those observed in patients with epidemic hepatitis E. These include predominant affliction of adolescents and young adults, the association between pregnancy and severe disease, and clinical presentation as acute hepatitis, with occasional cases of FHF. 47 …”

Section: Sporadic Hepatitis E In High-endemicity Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E: Epidemiology and Natural History

Aggarwal

2013

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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Section: Sporadic Hepatitis E In High-endemicity Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E: Epidemiology and Natural History

Aggarwal

2013

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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“…HEV-induced viral hepatitis is the most common cause of death in Indian pregnant women (1). Studies carried out in Iran, Africa, the Middle East, and other Asian countries have also found a high mortality due to fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) during pregnancy in women with HEV infection (2)(3)(4)(5). In contrast, reports from the United States and Europe have failed to find any significant correlation between death during pregnancy and viral hepatitis (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Suppression of NF-kBp65 in Hepatitis Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Manifesting Severe Liver Damage and High Mortality

Prusty

Hedau

Singh

et al. 2007

Mol Med

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Fulminant hepatitis in Asian pregnant women is generally caused by hepatitis E virus infection, and extremely high mortality is most common in them. Decreased cell-mediated immunity is considered a major cause of death in these cases, but what exactly influences decreased immunity and high mortality specifically during pregnancy is not known. We used electrophoretic mobility shift assays, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical analysis to study the expression and DNA binding activity of NF-kB p50 and NF-kB p65 in pregnant fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) patients and compared them with their nonpregnant counterparts. In both PBMC and postmortem liver biopsy specimens the DNA-binding activity of NF-kB was very high in samples from pregnant FHF patients compared with those from nonpregnant women as well as pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis (AVH) without FHF. Further dissection of the NF-kB complex in supershift assays demonstrated complete absence of p65 in the NF-kB complex, which is formed by homodimerization of the p50 component in pregnant FHF patients. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of p50 and p65 proteins both showed higher levels of p50 expression and a complete absence or a minimal expression of p65, indicating its nonparticipation in NF-kB-dependent transactivation in pregnant FHF patients. We suggest that the exclusion of p65 from the NF-kB transactivation complex seems to be a crucial step that may cause deregulated immunity and severe liver damage, leading to the death of the patient. Our findings provide a molecular basis, for developing novel therapeutic approaches.

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“…[1][2][3][4] The prevalence of antibodies to HEV (anti-HEV) has been described for several populations, with levels as high as 40% in India. 5 Another report from India, where hepatitis E epidemics are common, indicated seroprevalence as high as 60% in certain age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E in two rural Egyptian communities.

Fix

Abdel‐Hamid²,

Purcell³

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

112

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Abstract. A population-based serosurvey in two rural Egyptian communities was used to assess age-specific prevalence of antibody to hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV). One community is in the Nile Delta (11,182 inhabitants; 3,997 participants) and the other in Upper Egypt (10,970 inhabitants; 6,029 participants). Samples were tested for anti-HEV with a commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) based on antigens derived from open reading frame (ORF)2 and ORF3. Although there was a clear difference in sensitivity among the lots of the commercial test used, it was still possible to determine the seroprevalence. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV exceeded 60% in the first decade of life, peaked at 76% in the second decade and remained above 60% until the eighth decade. Prevalence of this magnitude is among the highest reported in the world, with an age-specific pattern more similar to hyperendemic hepatitis A virus transmission than generally described. Lot-to-lot variation in the sensitivity of the commercial ELISA kit highlights a problem when comparing seroepidemiologic studies of different populations.

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Aetiology of acute sporadic non‐A, non‐B viral hepatitis in India

Cited by 89 publications

References 8 publications

Hepatitis E: Epidemiology and Natural History

Hepatitis E: Epidemiology and Natural History

Selective Suppression of NF-kBp65 in Hepatitis Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Manifesting Severe Liver Damage and High Mortality

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E in two rural Egyptian communities.

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