Affect dynamics of facial EMG during continuous emotional experiences

Golland, Yulia; Hakim, Adam; Aloni, Tali; Schaefer, Stacey M.; Levit‐Binnun, Nava

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.10.003

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…For each signal, the absolute values plus one was natural log-transformed to correct for the right-skewness of the raw data distribution. This transformation is commonly applied to EMG data to reduce the impact of extreme values 13,[52][53][54][55] . The log-transformed data were used in the main text to show results in a manner comparable to the approach used in previous studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced emotional and motor responses to live versus videotaped dynamic facial expressions

Hsu¹,

Sato²,

Yoshikawa

2020

Sci Rep

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Facial expression is an integral aspect of non-verbal communication of affective information. Earlier psychological studies have reported that the presentation of prerecorded photographs or videos of emotional facial expressions automatically elicits divergent responses, such as emotions and facial mimicry. However, such highly controlled experimental procedures may lack the vividness of real-life social interactions. This study incorporated a live image relay system that delivered models’ real-time performance of positive (smiling) and negative (frowning) dynamic facial expressions or their prerecorded videos to participants. We measured subjective ratings of valence and arousal and facial electromyography (EMG) activity in the zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii muscles. Subjective ratings showed that the live facial expressions were rated to elicit higher valence and more arousing than the corresponding videos for positive emotion conditions. Facial EMG data showed that compared with the video, live facial expressions more effectively elicited facial muscular activity congruent with the models’ positive facial expressions. The findings indicate that emotional facial expressions in live social interactions are more evocative of emotional reactions and facial mimicry than earlier experimental data have suggested.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced emotional and motor responses to live versus videotaped dynamic facial expressions

Hsu¹,

Sato²,

Yoshikawa

2020

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…While it is less clear whether the zygomaticus major (smiling) muscle is sensitive to bipolar valence (Larson et al, 2003) it is sensitive to positive affect with increased activation for positive stimuli (Larsen et al, 2003;Williams, Leong, Collier, & Zaki, 2019;Winkielman & Cacioppo, 2001). For instance, a recent study provided evidence that zygomaticus activity during presentation of positive (but not negative) movie scenes was highly correlated with subjective ratings of participants, but also closely tracked dynamic changes of positive affect in the movies over time (Golland, Hakim, Aloni, Schaefer, & Levit-Binnun, 2018). Interestingly, when performing a simple response-interference task (and without any affective stimuli presented), Lindström and colleagues showed stronger EMG over the corrugator supercilii muscle within 200 ms following an error relative to a correct trial (Lindström, Mattsson-Mårn, Golkar, & Olsson, 2013).…”

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamics of error-related corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major activity: Evidence for implicit emotion regulation following errors

Dignath

Berger

Spruit

et al. 2019

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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According to feedback control models, errors are monitored and inform subsequent control adaptations. Despite these cognitive consequences, errors also have affective consequences. It has been suggested that errors elicit negative affect which might be functional for control adaptations. The present research is concerned with the temporal dynamics of error-related affect. Therefore, we ask how affective responses to errors change over time. Two experiments assessed performance in a Stroop-like task in combination with online measures of facial electromyography that index affective responses specific for muscles that are associated with the expression of negative (corrugator supercilii) and positive affect (zygomaticus major). After errors, corrugator activity first increased relative to correct trials but then decreased (below correct trials) for later time bins. Zygomaticus activity showed a concomitant inverse pattern following errors, such that an initial decrease was followed by a later increase relative to correct trials. Together, this biphasic response in both facial muscles suggests that early negative responses to errors turn into increasingly more positive ones over time. Error-triggered electromyography did marginally predict behavioral adjustments following errors at the inter-individual, but not at the intra-individual level, providing only limited evidence for a functional role of error-related affect for immediate changes in behavior. However, the dynamics of error-related electromyography points to the role of implicit emotion regulation during task performance. We propose that this process helps to maintain homeostasis of positive and negative affect which in the long term could facilitate adaptive behavior.

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“…The EMG signal was bandpass filtered at 20-400 Hz. A fast Fourier transform with a 1 s Hanning window and 0.5 s overlap was applied to filtered data in order to calculate power spectral density estimates (van Reekum et al 2010;Lapate et al 2014;Golland et al 2018). The estimates were averaged and z-transformed to take account of variations in amplitudes between subjects.…”

Section: Electromyography Preprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empathic accuracy in design: Exploring design outcomes through empathic performance and physiology

et al. 2020

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Empathic design highlights the relevance of understanding users and their circumstances in order to obtain good design outcomes. However, theory-based quantitative methods, which can be used to test user understanding, are hard to find in the design science literature. Here, we introduce a validated method used in social psychological research – the empathic accuracy method – into design to explore how well two designers perform in a design task and whether the designers’ empathic accuracy performance and the physiological synchrony between the two designers and a group of users can predict the designers’ success in two design tasks. The designers could correctly identify approximately 50% of the users’ reported mental content. We did not find a significant correlation between the designers’ empathic accuracy and their (1) performance in design tasks and (2) physiological synchrony with users. Nevertheless, the empathic accuracy method is promising in its attempts to quantify the effect of empathy in design.

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Affect dynamics of facial EMG during continuous emotional experiences

Cited by 40 publications

References 84 publications

Enhanced emotional and motor responses to live versus videotaped dynamic facial expressions

Enhanced emotional and motor responses to live versus videotaped dynamic facial expressions

Temporal dynamics of error-related corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major activity: Evidence for implicit emotion regulation following errors

Empathic accuracy in design: Exploring design outcomes through empathic performance and physiology

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