Affective evaluation of others’ altruistic decisions under risk and ambiguity

Xiong, Wei; Gao, Xiaoxue; He, Zhewen; Yu, Hongbo; Liu, Huiying; Zhou, Xiaolin

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116996

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…This suggests that in the absence of moral information, people may prefer social partners who have a higher tolerance for ambiguity. Supporting this idea, people feel more gratitude, infer more kindness, and are more likely to trust those who are willing to help when the cost of helping is ambiguous (Jordan, Hoffman, Nowak, et al, 2016;Xiong et al, 2020). A tolerance for ambiguity may also be related to holding more uncertain and volatile beliefs about potentially harmful others (Siegel et al, 2018).…”

Section: Moral Inference From Decisions About Ambiguity and Riskmentioning

confidence: 98%

The relational logic of moral inference

Crockett

Everett

Gill

et al. 2021

Advances in Experimental Social Psychology

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How do we make inferences about the moral character of others? Here we review recent work on the cognitive mechanisms of moral inference and impression updating. We show that moral inference follows basic principles of Bayesian inference, but also departs from the standard Bayesian model in ways that may facilitate the maintenance of social relationships. Moral inference is not only sensitive to whether people make moral decisions, but also to features of decisions that reveal their suitability as a relational partner. Together these findings suggest that moral inference follows a relational logic: people form and update moral impressions in ways that are responsive to the demands of ongoing social relationships and particular social roles. We discuss implications of these findings for theories of moral cognition and identify new directions for research on human morality and person perception.

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Section: Moral Inference From Decisions About Ambiguity and Riskmentioning

confidence: 98%

The relational logic of moral inference

Crockett

Everett

Gill

et al. 2021

Advances in Experimental Social Psychology

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show abstract

“…Moreover, manipulating the intention of the benefactor affects children's gratitude and subsequent helping behavior (Shoshani et al, 2020). Similarly, in adult studies where the intention of the given help was manipulated, more gratitude was elicited in the intentional compared to unintentional conditions (Liu et al, 2020;Xiong et al, 2020).…”

Section: Special Role Of Theory Of Mind In Gratitudementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The cognitive antecedents of gratitude (value, cost, intention) were well studied by a series of studies with a pain alleviation task (Liu et al, 2020;Xiong et al, 2020;Yu et al, 2017 ;Yu et al, 2018). In the task, the benefactor will help share or reduce the painful electric shocks for the participants, while varying on the intention level (e.g., voluntary vs. forced), the value of the help (how much pain was reduced), or the cost (monetary cost).…”

Section: Neural Correlates Of Gratitudementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing gratitude and pride: evidence from brain and behavior

Ding

Liu

2022

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Gratitude and pride are both positive emotions. Yet gratitude motivates people to help others and build up relationships, whereas pride motivates people to pursue achievements and build on self-esteem. Although these social outcomes are crucial for humans to be evolutionarily adaptive, no study so far has systematically compared gratitude and pride to understand why and how they can motivate humans differently. In this review, we compared gratitude and pride from their etymologies, cognitive prerequisites, motivational functions, and brain regions involved. By integrating the evidence from brain and behavior, we suggest that gratitude and pride share a common reward basis, yet gratitude is more related to theory of mind, while pride is more related to self-referential processing. Moreover, we proposed a cognitive neuroscientific model to explain the dynamics in gratitude and pride under a reinforcement learning framework.

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“…In turn, this could further lead to more deliberate and rational decisions with fewer decision biases (Geipel et al, 2015; Keysar et al, 2012). Because altruistic decisions suggest a fundamental role for emotion (Hu et al, 2017; Tusche & Bas, 2021; Xiong et al, 2020), we predict language context will also modulate these decisions. While a crucial role for emotion is set out for the foreign language effect, the exact mechanisms underlying emotion processing are not well understood yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The foreign language effect on altruistic decision making: Insights from the framing effect

et al. 2022

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The present study investigated the foreign language effect within an altruistic decision making process. Chinese–English bilinguals made altruistic decisions in their native (L1: Chinese) and second language (L2: English). The decisions were framed in two ways: either as “not to harm” (harm frame) or as “to help” the other person (help frame) at one's economic cost. Behavioral results suggest that bilinguals might behave more altruistically in the harm frame than the help frame (i.e., framing effect) in their native language but not in their foreign language. Electrophysiological results show that the modulation of the framing effect in the native versus foreign language originated in the early ERP components (N1 and N2) and did not present in the late positive potential (LPP). These findings suggest the foreign language effect most likely results from the reduced emotional reaction in a foreign compared to the native language.

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Affective evaluation of others’ altruistic decisions under risk and ambiguity

Cited by 18 publications

References 121 publications

The relational logic of moral inference

The relational logic of moral inference

Comparing gratitude and pride: evidence from brain and behavior

The foreign language effect on altruistic decision making: Insights from the framing effect

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