Affective instability, childhood trauma and major affective disorders

Marwaha, Steven; Gordon‐Smith, Katherine; Broome, Matthew R.; Briley, Paul M.; Perry, Amy; Forty, Liz; Craddock, N.; Jones, Ian; Jones, Lisa

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.024

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Some studies (Etain et al, 2008;Marwaha et al, 2016) showed that BD type 1 subjects with a history of childhood trauma had higher affective instability than those without such a history. ADHD is considered as a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms such as impulsivity and attention deficits often arising early in the life of an individual and sometimes disrupting the crucial link with the caregivers ultimately leading to childhood trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarities between emotional dysregulation in adults suffering from ADHD and bipolar patients

Richard-Lepouriel

Étain²,

Hasler

et al. 2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

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a b s t r a c tBackground: Emotional dysregulation in subjects with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a topic of growing interest among clinicians and researchers. The present study aims at investigating components of emotional dysregulation in adults ADHD compared to subjects suffering from bipolar disorder (BD). Methods: A total of 150 adults ADHD, 335 adults BD subjects and 48 controls were assessed using the Affective Lability Scale (ALS) and the Affect Intensity Measure (AIM), measuring respectively emotion lability and emotion responsiveness. Results: ADHD and BD subjects scored significantly higher on the ALS compared to controls (p¼0.0001). BD subjects scored above ADHD ones (3.07 (SD¼0.66) vs. 2.30 (SD¼ 0.68); po0.0001). The average total scores achieved on the AIM were significantly different for the three groups (p¼0.0001) with significantly higher scores for ADHD subjects compared to BD ones (3.74 (SD¼ 0.59) vs. 3.56 (SD¼0.69); po0.0001). Limitations: Suspected cases of ADHD in the BD and control groups were derived from the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS). This study is a retrospective one. Conclusion: Our study thus highlights the importance of emotional dysregulation in adults suffering from ADHD, showing that they display higher emotional intensity than bipolar disorder subjects and controls. Although the current diagnostic criteria of ADHD do not contain an emotional dimension, a better recognition of the significance of emotional responsiveness in ADHD patients can improve the care afforded to these patients, beyond the inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive components.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarities between emotional dysregulation in adults suffering from ADHD and bipolar patients

Richard-Lepouriel

Étain²,

Hasler

et al. 2016

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…It is also independently linked to greater medication use and detention under mental health legislation (Patel et al, 2015). It is associated with childhood trauma experiences (including abuse) and it is suggested that it may partly explain the connection between these and psychiatric disorders (Aas et al, 2016;Marwaha et al, 2016;Moffa et al, 2017). The estimated prevalence of AI in the general population is 14%, with levels being higher in younger people and women (Marwaha et al, 2013c;Patel et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective instability in those with and without mental disorders: A case control study

Marwaha¹,

Price²,

Scott³

et al. 2018

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Individuals with mental disorder demonstrate higher levels of affective lability and lower affect control than those without mental disorder. In contrast affective intensity may not be useful in demarcating abnormal affective experience. Independent of diagnosis, affective instability, as measured by affect lability, adversely impacts day-to-day functioning. It could be an important target for clinical intervention.

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“…The long-term psychological and somatic consequences of childhood trauma have been well validated in an extensive body of research [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Central Nervous system (CNS) sensitization is an utmost probable contributor leading to these late consequences [10]. However, its mechanisms are not yet fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood trauma: a risk for major depression in patients with psoriasis

Erfanian

2018

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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INTRODUCTION:A history of childhood trauma is an important determinant for understanding the development of psychiatric and physical disorders. The chronic inflammatory disease, psoriasis, has been reported to be affected by childhood psychological stressors. Early life stress is also a well-known contributor to major depression. The current study aims to clarify a possible association between levels and types of childhood trauma with psoriasis severity and major depression. METHOD: Sixty-four patients diagnosed with mild-to-severe psoriasis (male = 27, mean age = 52.51 ± 14.72 years and female = 37, mean age = 42.76 ± 14.45 years, age range = 21-77) were admitted to our study between April 2014 and September 2014. For the diagnosis of psoriasis, the single most recently developed lesion was examined dermoscopically and histopathologically. We evaluated the history of childhood trauma with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and diagnosis of major depression with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 5.0.0 current). The participants were scanned for their severity of psoriasis with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index 75 (PASI 75). Initially, the data were checked for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov/Shapiro-Wilk's tests, histograms, and probability plots. Because normality of the data could not be assumed, we evaluated childhood trauma subscales and psoriasis by running Kendell's tau-b correlation coefficients for bivariate comparisons. Mann-Whitney U test was conducted to assess the differences in childhood trauma severity of each subscale between two groups of depressed and nondepressed patients with psoriasis. Ultimately, we ran chi-square analysis to evaluate the association between gender and depression. RESULTS: Emotional (0.325), physical (0.614), sexual (0.963) abuse, and emotional (0.331) neglect were positively correlated with higher severity of psoriasis (p < .01). Subsequently, emotional (U = 372, p = .43), physical (U = 387, p = .049), sexual (U = 297, p = .0005) abuse, emotional (U = 299.5, p = .001), and physical U = 372, p = .031) neglect were significantly higher in psoriasis patients with depression compared to non-depressed (p < .05). CONCLUSION:The findings of the current study underline the relationship between childhood trauma and major depression, as well as childhood trauma and psoriasis. The increased level of emotional, physical, sexual abuse, and emotional neglect was linked to elevated severity of psoriasis. Likewise, all childhood trauma subtypes appeared to be more severe in the group of psoriasis patients with major depression. Investigation of childhood traumatic experiences, and major depression in individuals with psoriasis, the screening of depressed patients for psoriasis, and the cross-referencing of the outcome can be expected to provide remarkable findings, new approaches for diagnosis and treatment, as well as implications for promulgating new legislation.

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Affective instability, childhood trauma and major affective disorders

Abstract: Background Affective instability (AI), childhood trauma, and mental illness are linked, but

Cited by 50 publications

References 50 publications

Similarities between emotional dysregulation in adults suffering from ADHD and bipolar patients

Similarities between emotional dysregulation in adults suffering from ADHD and bipolar patients

Affective instability in those with and without mental disorders: A case control study

Childhood trauma: a risk for major depression in patients with psoriasis

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