Affective learning in adults with intellectual disability: an experiment using evaluative conditioning

Blanchette, Isabelle; Treillet, Véronique; Davies, Sarah

doi:10.1111/jir.12246

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Mechanistically, the differences in safety perception may arise from disrupted associative learning. Such a cognitive impairment has been demonstrated in individuals with intellectual disability, in terms of differences in association retention in adults with intellectual disability compared to typically developing controls 63 , and in terms of differences in profiles of associative memory between individuals with Down syndrome and Williams syndrome 64 . From a neurobiological perspective, the potential failure to fully inhibit the default stress response in a safe environment may also account for the association of this cluster with intellectual disability, as differences in prefrontal regions have been observed in individuals with intellectual disability (e.g., ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the transdiagnostic contextual pathways of emotional outbursts

Chung

Mevorach

Woodcock

2022

Sci Rep

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Emotional outbursts or temper outbursts are challenging behaviours commonly experienced by people with neurodevelopmental disorders and people who have experienced childhood adversity, which can negatively impact individuals and their families. Emotional outbursts may manifest in different situations via unique pathways distinguished by context-specific differences in the regulation and expression of emotions. Caregivers (N = 268) of young people (6–25 years) with emotional outbursts completed a bespoke caregiver-report questionnaire. Potential pathways were identified by examining the patterns of antecedents and setting events related to outbursts through factor and cluster analyses. Six contextual factors were derived from the Emotional Outburst Questionnaire. Based on these factors, the responses were classified into three clusters, which may represent potential pathways of emotional outbursts. The three clusters were characterized by the increased likelihood of outbursts: (1) across all setting events and triggers; (2) in safe setting events; (3) in unsafe setting events. These potential pathways may be related to: (1) differences in sensory processing; (2) masking of emotions in unsafe environments; (3) differences in safety perception. This framework supports a transdiagnostic account of emotional outbursts and may facilitate the development of pathway-specific intervention strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%