Purpose : Becoming a mother is a challenging journey which mixes varying levels of negative and positive affect. The predictive effect of perceived social support on positive affect in postpartum remains unknown, especially how this effect timely changes. This study aims to examine maternal role adaptation’s mediating effect on the relation among perceived social support and positive affect, and the moderating effect of the baby's months on these relations.
Methods A clinical survey was conducted from June to July, 2019 in Shanghai, China, Total 498 new mothers who gave birth within 1 year completed questionnaires. They reported babies' months and socio-demographic information and accomplished the Maternal Social Support Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and the Maternal Role Adaptation Scale.
Results Results showed that social support positively correlated with maternal role adaption and positive affect. Maternal role adaptation was testified to be the mediator between social support and positive affect after controlling for age, years of marriage, employment status, household income, education, and birth order. The baby's months moderated the mediating effect of maternal role adaption on positive affect. This mediating effect only exists for the participants whose babies were less than 6 months.
Conclusion The findings reveal the exact time window of social support's predictive role in enhancing positive affect in postpartum women. The timely clinical services towards improving positive affect in postpartum should be paid more attention to, and the "golden period" is suggested before the baby's six months.