Affluence, Obesity, and Breast Cancer

Stoll, Basil A.

doi:10.1046/j.1524-4741.2000.99122.x

Cited by 10 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast, abdominal obesity has been associated with lower DHEA concentrations in premenopausal women (55). The reason for these differences is not clear, but several studies have shown abdominal obesity to be a marker for breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women (56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dehydroepiandrosterone intake protects against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumor development in the obese Zucker rat model

Hakkak

Shaaf²,

Jo³

et al. 2010

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. Obesity has been epidemic in the US for over two decades; almost 65% of adults in the US are overweight. Obesity has been linked with the risk of development of various cancers, including breast cancer. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an over-the-counter dietary supplement used as an immunomodulating, anti-depressant, anti-aging, anti-cardiovascular disease, and anti-cancer agent and antiobesity supplement. The objectives of this study were to investigate the long-term effects of obesity and DHEA treatment on body weight gain and on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)-anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumor development. Forty-three six-week-old obese female Zucker rats were used. Rats were randomly assigned and had ad libitum access to water and a diet of either chow (2016) as a control diet or chow with the addition of DHEA at a concentration of 6 g/kg of chow as a DHEA diet. All rats were orally gavaged at age 50 days with 65 mg DMBA/kg body weight. Rats were weighed and palpated twice weekly for detection of mammary tumors and sacrificed 155 days post-DMBA treatment. Obese rats fed the DHEA diet gained significantly less weight than obese control diet rats (P<0.001). At the end of the experiment, 55% of the control diet group developed mammary tumors, while no tumors were detected in the DHEA diet group (P<0.001). Our results suggest that DHEA treatment can reduce body weight gain and protects against DMBA-induced mammary tumor development in the obese Zucker rat model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dehydroepiandrosterone intake protects against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumor development in the obese Zucker rat model

Hakkak

Shaaf²,

Jo³

et al. 2010

Oncol Rep

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“…10,11 Empirical chemotherapy dose reductions given to obese and overweight women and the coexisting health conditions are other potential reasons for adverse prognosis. [17][18][19] Among the well-established risk factors of breast cancer, adult weight gain, sedentary lifestyle, postmenopausal hormonal use and alcohol consumption are modifiable. 20 The combined population attributable risk (PAR) for these modifiable risk factors has been estimated at 40.7%, suggesting that this proportion of all postmenopausal breast cancer cases would not occur if exposure to these risk factors was to be eliminated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index at the time of diagnosis and the risk of advanced stages and poorly differentiated cancers of the breast: findings from a case-series study

et al. 2010

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Introduction: Obesity is a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer and is independently associated with shorter disease-free and overall survival. Currently, in clinical settings, the combination of stage and grade of cancer at the initial presentation of the disease is the best prognostic indicator. Objective: To evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and risk of advanced stages and poorly differentiated grade of breast cancer. Design: A case-series study of women diagnosed with their first primary invasive breast cancer. Patients include a total of 831 women aged X40 years with a mean BMI of 29.6( ± 6.6) kg m À2 . Pathological, clinical and demographic data were retrieved from electronic medical records. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was preformed to estimate the risk of more advanced stages and poorly differentiated grade of cancer, adjusting for covariates. Results: Obese compared with normal weight women had an 80% increased risk of cancer with more advanced stages (III/IV) and poorly differentiated grade (odds ratio ¼ 1.80, 95% confidence interval 1.13-2.86, P ¼ 0.014). No significant increase in risk was observed for overweight women. Conclusion: Obesity at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer is associated with more advanced stages and poorly differentiated grade of cancers.

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“…Owing to the high correlation (r ¼ 0.86) between BMI and waist circumference, we decided to use only one obesity measure as a covariate. Waist was chosen because central obesity rather than general obesity has been suggested to predispose an individual to the development of breast cancer (Stoll, 1996).…”

Section: Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intakes of plant foods, fibre and fat and risk of breast cancer – a prospective study in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort

et al. 2004

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The objective of this study was to investigate prospectively the associations between intakes of plant foods, fibre and relative fat and risk of breast cancer in a subsample of 11 726 postmenopausal women in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Data were obtained by an interview-based diet history method, a structured questionnaire, anthropometrical measurements and national and regional cancer registries. During 89 602 person-years of follow-up, 342 incident cases were documented. Cox regression analysis examined breast cancer risks adjusted for potential confounders. High fibre intakes were associated with a lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, incidence rate ratio ¼ 0.58, 95% CI: 0.40, 0.84, for the highest quintile of fibre intake compared to the lowest quintile. The combination high fibre -low fat had the lowest risk when examining the effect in each cell of cross-classified tertiles of fibre and fat intakes. An interaction (P ¼ 0.049) was found between fibre-and fat-tertiles. There was no significant association between breast cancer risk and intakes of any of the plant food subgroups. These findings support the hypothesis that a dietary pattern characterised by high fibre and low fat intakes is associated with a lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer.

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Affluence, Obesity, and Breast Cancer

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Dehydroepiandrosterone intake protects against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumor development in the obese Zucker rat model

Dehydroepiandrosterone intake protects against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumor development in the obese Zucker rat model

Body mass index at the time of diagnosis and the risk of advanced stages and poorly differentiated cancers of the breast: findings from a case-series study

Intakes of plant foods, fibre and fat and risk of breast cancer – a prospective study in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort

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