Affordability of Essential Medicines and Associated Factors in Public Health Facilities of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

Oridanigo, Eyassu Mathewos; Salgedo, Waju Beyene; Kebene, Feyera Gebissa

doi:10.1155/2021/6640133

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The easy availability of herbal medicines as over-the-counter medications may have contributed to their high utilization rate, as the participants may not have felt the need to consult a physician before using them. Affordability and accessibility have been a major factor for more herbal medicine consumption in some countries (22) Furthermore, the perception that herbal medicines are safer compared to pharmaceutical medicines may have encouraged their use, as the general population may have felt that they had a lower risk of adverse effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Acceptance and Perceptions of Herbal Medicine among the General Public in Pakistan: A Societal Perspective

Khan

Osama

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Herbal medicine has been widely used as an alternative or complementary form of treatment in many countries, including Pakistan. The objective of this study was to assess the perception and usage of herbal medicine among the general population of Pakistan with different educational backgrounds. Method: An online descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st January 2023 to 15th January 2023 through electronic media channels. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to gauge the most common disorders occurring in the population and the most common herbal medicines used by the population. Results: Out of 273 participants, 43.75% were male and 56.25% were female, with 78% belonging to the age group of 18-29 Years. Over 60% of the respondents have used herbal medicines in the last 6 months, with most of them using herbal medicine for 1 week. The most common source of medical information was from family and internet sources. Nearly half of the participants did not feel the need to inform their physician regarding their usage of herbal medicine, and most of the population perceived that herbal medicines are safer and more economical compared to pharmaceutical medicines. Conclusion: The study results showed that the population of Pakistan has a neutral to positive perception of herbal medicine, with most of them believing that herbal medicines are safe, economical, and have a beneficial effect on their health. Further research is needed to assess the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine in the population of Pakistan.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Acceptance and Perceptions of Herbal Medicine among the General Public in Pakistan: A Societal Perspective

Khan

Osama

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The percentage of unaffordable medicines in Ethiopia was 72.09% and 91.84% in the public and private sectors, respectively [ 5 ]. Another study reported that 63.9% of the prescribed medicines were unaffordable [ 38 ]. The price of medicines in the private sector is higher than the public sector [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability, price, and affordability of medicines used for the management of Covid-19 in health facilities of Dessie town WHO/HAI survey

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The rapidly spreading nature of Covid-19 virus associated with its high mortality and mortality rate is triggering an unprecedented public health crisis. The study assessed the availability, price, and affordability of medicines used in the management of Covid-19 in health facilities of Dessie town. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study design was employed in the health facilities of Dessie town from September 1 to September 20, 2021. Data was collected using a standard checklist adopted from the Logistics Indicator Assessment Tool and WHO/HAI. WHO/HAI methodology was applied to select the surveyed health facilities (30) and medicines (44). The daily wage of the lowest-paid unskilled government worker is used to estimate affordability. Results Fifteen and five medicines were not found at all public and private health facilities, respectively. The originator brand (OB) and lowest price generic (LPG) availability in private health facilities was 2.03% and 51.33%, respectively. In the public sector, the availability of OB and LPG was 0% and 34.44%, respectively. In public and private health facilities, the mean number of stock-outs was 2.25 and 2.91, and the mean number of stock-out days was 177.83 and 106.16 days, respectively. Eight and one LPG medicines were out of stock in public and private health facilities, respectively. Eight (33.33%) and 6 (28.57%) had higher prices than international prices in private and public health facilities, respectively. The median price ratio in public and private health facilities ranged from 0.02 and 3.05 and 0.04 to 2.70, respectively. Eighty percent of the products were unaffordable in both sectors. Conclusions The availability of medicines was low. One-third of the medicines had higher prices than international prices. Eighty percent of the products were unaffordable. The regular supply of these medicines is crucial for better management of the disease.

show abstract

“…1 Unaffordable prices and non-availability of medicines have become one of the most pressing concerns for patients and healthcare systems in high-, middle- and low-income countries. 2 , 3 Efforts to ensure access to medicines are mainly driven by an ethical imperative: people should not be denied access to life-saving or health-promoting interventions for unfair reasons, including economic or social causes. 4 Within the African context, certain limitations exist concerning their access to basic medicines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medicine affordability is the cost of medicines or treatment with medicines about lowest paid government employees income 2 , 14 that would be required to pay to purchase from the private sector a one-month course of medicine at the standard or common dose. 20 The number of days’ income that the lowest-paid government employee would have to fork over to cover treatment is used as a metric for affordability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges to the Availability and Affordability of Essential Medicines in African Countries: A Scoping Review

Yenet,

Nibret,

Tegegne

2023

CEOR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction The availability and affordability of safe, effective, accessible, and high-quality essential medicines is a critical benchmark for achieving the right to good health, and it is also one of the goals of the global health development agenda. To that end, it is critical to conduct rigorous studies to identify the major challenges confronting developing countries, particularly those in Africa. Objective The purpose of this review was to identify the major challenges that Africans face in obtaining reasonably priced and readily available essential medicines. Methods Generally the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” were employed. Making progress also involves using duplicate checks, field definitions, and comparisons of articles and criteria. The analysis included all English-language papers published in any African country between 2005 and 2022, depending on the year of publication. The technique searches electronic databases for key phrases related to essential medication availability and affordability, such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Plos Medicine, and Google Scholar. Results A total of 91 articles; by using search engines and handpicking including duplicates, were primarily searched. The electronic database search earned 78 articles while only eleven studies met the criteria for review and were reviewed of which 5 (50%) were from East African countries. Inadequate human resources, financial constraints, high cost of available medications on the market, poor inventory management, manual consumption forecasting, inefficiencies in drug registration, and trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights agreement regulations are all obstacles to the availability of essential medicines in African nations. Conclusion This review revealed that in Africa, the availability and affordability of essential medicines face numerous challenges. The primary challenge, according to the review research, is a lack of adequate financing to pay for an appropriate set of essential medications, which account for a significant portion of household spending.

show abstract

Affordability of Essential Medicines and Associated Factors in Public Health Facilities of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Exploring the Acceptance and Perceptions of Herbal Medicine among the General Public in Pakistan: A Societal Perspective

Exploring the Acceptance and Perceptions of Herbal Medicine among the General Public in Pakistan: A Societal Perspective

Availability, price, and affordability of medicines used for the management of Covid-19 in health facilities of Dessie town WHO/HAI survey

Challenges to the Availability and Affordability of Essential Medicines in African Countries: A Scoping Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About