Affordable Enteric Virus Detection Techniques Are Needed to Support Changing Paradigms in Water Quality Management

Symonds, Erin M.; Breitbart, Mya

doi:10.1002/clen.201400235

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, climate change is expected to increase heavy rainfall events and floods, which can raise the risk of waterborne outbreaks ( Delworth et al, 2016 ; Dye et al, 2017 ; Hunter, 2003 ). In the last decades the development of molecular techniques, such as qPCR, improved the reports of enteric viruses' occurrence in surface waters and in waters used for recreational activities ( Symonds and Breitbart, 2015 ). Consequently, public and regulatory awareness also grew on enteric viruses as emerging waterborne pathogens ( Nwachcuku and Gerba, 2004 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of human enteric viruses in coastal waters using concentration with methacrylate monolithic supports prior to detection by RT-qPCR

Gonçalves

Gutiérrez-Aguirre²,

Balasubramanian³

et al. 2018

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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This is the first surveillance study using methacrylate monolithic supports to concentrate environmental coastal water samples, prior to molecular target detection by RT-qPCR. Rotaviruses (RoV) and Noroviruses (NoV) were monitored in a polluted area at the Bay of Koper (Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea) and at a nearby bathing area and mussel farm areas.RoV and NoV are released into the Bay of Koper, with higher rates close to the discharge of the wastewater treatment plant, however, they can be detected at recreational and mussel farming areas. Our results showed that water bodies considered safe based on FC concentrations, can still have low, yet potentially infective, concentrations of human viruses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of human enteric viruses in coastal waters using concentration with methacrylate monolithic supports prior to detection by RT-qPCR

Gonçalves

Gutiérrez-Aguirre²,

Balasubramanian³

et al. 2018

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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“…Recent reviews have proposed the use of viral metagenomics or viromic approaches as an alternative method to test for the presence of pathogenic viruses in the environment, offering the potential to detect novel genotypes or even entirely novel viruses ( 2 , 9 , 10 ). Potential new viral markers for fecal contamination have already been revealed, such as pepper mild mottle virus and crAssphage ( 11 , 12 ), among the huge diversity of human viruses found in sludge samples ( 13 – 16 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viromic Analysis of Wastewater Input to a River Catchment Reveals a Diverse Assemblage of RNA Viruses

et al. 2018

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Enteric viruses cause gastrointestinal illness and are commonly transmitted through the fecal-oral route. When wastewater is released into river systems, these viruses can contaminate the environment. Our results show that we can use viromics to find the range of potentially pathogenic viruses that are present in the environment and identify prevalent genotypes. The ultimate goal is to trace the fate of these pathogenic viruses from origin to the point where they are a threat to human health, informing reference-based detection methods and water quality management.

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“…Recent reviews have proposed the use of viral metagenomics or viromic approaches as an alternative method to test for the presence of pathogenic viruses in the environment (2, 9, 10). Provided the entire viral community is sampled and sequenced, novel genotypes or even entirely novel viruses can be detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viromic analysis of wastewater input to a river catchment reveals a diverse assemblage of RNA viruses

Adriaenssens

Farkas

Harrison

et al. 2018

Preprint

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13Detection of viruses in the environment is heavily dependent on PCR-based 14 approaches that require reference sequences for primer design. While this strategy 15 can accurately detect known viruses, it will not find novel genotypes, nor emerging 16 and invasive viral species. In this study, we investigated the use of viromics, i.e. 17 high-throughput sequencing of the biosphere viral fraction, to detect human/animal 18 pathogenic RNA viruses in the Conwy river catchment area in Wales, UK. Using a 19 combination of filtering and nuclease treatment, we extracted the viral fraction from 20 wastewater, estuarine river water and sediment, followed by RNASeq analysis on 21 the Illumina HiSeq platform for the discovery of RNA virus genomes. We found a 22 the range of potentially pathogenic viruses that are present in the environment and 37 identify prevalent genotypes. The ultimate goal is to trace the fate of these 38 pathogenic viruses from origin to the point where they are a threat to human health, 39 informing reference-based detection methods and water quality management. 40Recent reviews have proposed the use of viral metagenomics or viromic approaches 58 as an alternative method to test for the presence of pathogenic viruses in the 59 environment (2, 9, 10). Provided the entire viral community is sampled and 60 4 sequenced, novel genotypes or even entirely novel viruses can be detected. 61Potential new viral markers for faecal contamination have already been revealed, 62 such as pepper mild mottle virus and crAssphage (11, 12), among the huge diversity 63 of human viruses found in sludge samples (13). 64In this pilot study, we have used viromics to investigate the presence of human 65 pathogenic RNA viruses in wastewater, estuarine surface water and sediment in a 66 single catchment. The water and sediment samples were collected at, and 67 downstream of, the wastewater treatment plant (Lanrwst, Wales, UK), at the estuary 68 of the river Conwy (Wales, UK) near Morfa beach (Figure 1). To our knowledge, this 69 is the first study to use unamplified environmental viral RNA for sequencing library 70 construction, sequence dataset production and subsequent analysis. Because we 71 used a directional library sequencing protocol on RNA, rather than amplifying to 72 cDNA, we were able to distinguish single-stranded from double-stranded RNA 73 genome fragments. 74

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Affordable Enteric Virus Detection Techniques Are Needed to Support Changing Paradigms in Water Quality Management

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Surveillance of human enteric viruses in coastal waters using concentration with methacrylate monolithic supports prior to detection by RT-qPCR

Surveillance of human enteric viruses in coastal waters using concentration with methacrylate monolithic supports prior to detection by RT-qPCR

Viromic Analysis of Wastewater Input to a River Catchment Reveals a Diverse Assemblage of RNA Viruses

Viromic analysis of wastewater input to a river catchment reveals a diverse assemblage of RNA viruses

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