Affordable flow cytometry for enumeration of absolute CD4+ T-lymphocytes to identify subtype C HIV-1 infected adults requiring antiretroviral therapy (ART) and monitoring response to ART in a resource-limited setting

Zijenah, Lynn S.; Kadzirange, Gerard; Madzime, Simon; Borok, Margaret; Mudiwa, Chiedza; Tobaiwa, Ocean; Mucheche, Mary; Rusakaniko, Simbarashe; Katzenstein, David

doi:10.1186/1479-5876-4-33

Cited by 38 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Previous studies that evaluated the first version of CyFlow Counter (CY-S-3021) or other CyFlow instruments (e.g. CyFlow Green, CyFlow Blue) showed similar results to this study [15], [17], [18], [29], [33], [35], [36], confirming the adequate performance of the newly available stabilized reagents on the most recent version of the CyFlow Counter (CY-S-3022). Only a few studies showed that CyFlow Counter and the CyFlow Green gave higher CD4 counts compared to the reference instruments [30], [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

CD4 T-Cell Enumeration in a Field Setting: Evaluation of CyFlow Counter Using the CD4 Easy Count Kit-Dry and Pima CD4 Systems

et al. 2013

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BackgroundFlow Cytometry (FCM) is still considered to be the method of choice for accurate CD4 enumeration. However, the use of FCM in developing countries is problematic due to their cost and complexity. Lower-cost technologies have been introduced. We evaluated CyFlow Counter together with its lyophilized reagents, and Pima CD4 in high-temperature area, using FACSCount as reference.Materials and MethodsWhole blood samples were consecutively collected by venipuncture from 111 HIV+ patients and 17 HIV-negative donors. CD4 T-cell enumeration was performed on CyFlow Counter, Pima CD4 and FACSCount.ResultsCyFlow Counter and Pima CD4 systems showed good correlation with FACSCount (slope of 0.82 and 0.90, and concordance ρc of 0.94 and 0.98, respectively). CyFlow Counter showed absolute or relative biases (LOA) of −63 cells/mm3 (−245 to 120) or −9.8% (−38.1 to 18.4) respectively, and Pima CD4 showed biases (LOA) of −30 cells/mm3 (−160 to 101) or −3.5% (−41.0 to 33.9%). CyFlow Counter and Pima CD4 showed respectively 106.7% and 105.9% of similarity with FACSCount. According to WHO-2010 ART initiation threshold of 350 cells/mm3, CyFlow Counter and Pima CD4 showed respectively sensibility of 100% and 97%, and specificity of 91% and 93%. CyFlow Counter and Pima CD4 were strongly correlated (slope of 1.09 and ρc of 0.95). These alternative systems showed good agreement with bias of 33 cells/mm3 (−132 to 203) or 6.3% (−31.2 to 43.8), and similarity of 104.3%.ConclusionCyFlow Counter using CD4 easy count kit-dry and Pima CD4 systems can accurately provide CD4 T-cell counts with acceptable agreement to those of FACSCount.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

CD4 T-Cell Enumeration in a Field Setting: Evaluation of CyFlow Counter Using the CD4 Easy Count Kit-Dry and Pima CD4 Systems

et al. 2013

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“…The CD4 + T cell absolute count was performed using a Partec CyFlow ® Counter as described before (Zijenah et al, 2006; Fryland et al, 2006). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stool antigen immunodetection for diagnosis of Giardia duodenalis infection in human subjects with HIV and cancer

Nooshadokht

Kalantari-Khandani

Sharifi

et al. 2017

Journal of Microbiological Methods

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Human infection with the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis is one the most common parasitic diseases worldwide. Higher incidence rates of giardiasis have been reported from human subjects with multiple debilitating chronic conditions, including hypogammaglobulinemia and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). In the current study, stool specimens were collected from 199 individuals diagnosed with HIV or cancer and immunocompetent subjects. The sensitivity of microscopy-based detection on fresh stool preparations, trichrome staining and stool antigen immunodetection for the diagnosis of G. duodenalis were 36%, 45.5% and 100%, respectively when compared with a highly sensitive stool-based PCR method as the gold standard. Further multilocus molecular analyses using glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) demonstrated that the AI genotype of G. duodenalis was the most prevalent, followed by the AII genotype and mixed (AI+B) infections. We concluded that stool antigen immunodetection-based immunoassays and stool-based PCR amplification had comparable sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of G. duodenalis infections in these populations. Stool antigen detection-based diagnostic modalities are rapid and accurate and may offer alternatives to conventional microscopy and PCR-based diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of G. duodenalis in human subjects living with HIV or cancer.

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“…There is no need to lyse red blood cells and there are no wash steps. Absolute CD4 cell numbers determined using CyFlow have been compared with those obtained using FASCount in Zimbabwe, Uganda, Nigeria and Thailand [10][11][12][13]. In each case, there was a strong correlation between the results seen with these two systems with r values of 0.99, 0.86, 0.93 and 0.97, respectively.…”

Section: Flow Cytometric Cd4 Cell Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

Advances in CD4 cell enumeration in resource-poor countries

Baum

Crowe²,

Landay³

2007

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

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Affordable flow cytometry for enumeration of absolute CD4+ T-lymphocytes to identify subtype C HIV-1 infected adults requiring antiretroviral therapy (ART) and monitoring response to ART in a resource-limited setting

Cited by 38 publications

References 13 publications

CD4 T-Cell Enumeration in a Field Setting: Evaluation of CyFlow Counter Using the CD4 Easy Count Kit-Dry and Pima CD4 Systems

CD4 T-Cell Enumeration in a Field Setting: Evaluation of CyFlow Counter Using the CD4 Easy Count Kit-Dry and Pima CD4 Systems

Stool antigen immunodetection for diagnosis of Giardia duodenalis infection in human subjects with HIV and cancer

Advances in CD4 cell enumeration in resource-poor countries

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