Afforestation, restoration and regeneration — Not all trees are created equal

Lawson, Shaneka S.; Michler, Charles H.

doi:10.1007/s11676-014-0426-5

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…The distribution of forest species is also restricted by local climate conditions. For example, in northern Mongolia P. obovata, a boreal tree species, is more sensitive to late spring and summer frost than Abies sibirica or Pinus sibirica, and as a result, P. obovate is mainly distributed in the area with the relatively high temperature [54][55]. The scots pine, a light-demanding species, is moderately drought resistant and has low nutritional requirements, thus can survive in the area with the nutrient poor soils [56][57].…”

Section: The Influence Of Environmental Variables On Tree Growth Biomentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Aboveground Biomass for Planted Forests Based on Stand Age and Environmental Variables

et al. 2019

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Measuring forest aboveground biomass (AGB) at local to regional scales is critical to understanding their role in regional and global carbon cycles. The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TNSFP) is the largest ecological restoration project in the world, and has been ongoing for over 40 years. In this study, we developed models to estimate the planted forest aboveground biomass (PF_AGB) for Yulin, a typical area in the project. Surface reflectances in the study area from 1978 to 2013 were obtained from Landsat series images, and integrated forest z-scores were constructed to measure afforestation and the stand age of planted forest. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was combined with stand age to develop an initial model to estimate PF_AGB. We then developed additional models that added environment variables to our initial model, including climatic factors (average temperature, total precipitation, and total sunshine duration) and a topography factor (slope). The model which combined the total precipitation and slope greatly improved the accuracy of PF_AGB estimation compared to the initial model, indicating that the environmental variables related to water distribution indirectly affected the growth of the planted forest and the resulting AGB. Afforestation in the study area occurred mainly in the early 1980s and early 21st century, and the PF_AGB in 2003 was 2.3 times than that of 1998, since the fourth term TNSFP started in 2000. The PF_AGB in 2013 was about 3.33 times of that in 2003 because many young trees matured. The leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) approach showed that our estimated PF_AGB had a significant correlation with field-measured data (correlation coefficient (r) = 0.89, p < 0.001, root mean square error (RMSE) = 6.79 t/ha). Our studies provided a method to estimate long time series PF_AGB using satellite repetitive measures, particularly for arid or semi-arid areas.

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Section: The Influence Of Environmental Variables On Tree Growth Biomentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Aboveground Biomass for Planted Forests Based on Stand Age and Environmental Variables

et al. 2019

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“…They depend on the intensity of policy elements, forest composition, forest structure, and so on 36 65 . Warming climate affects species adaptation, which induces the different responses of species to harvesting 68 . Some species display no significant responses to harvesting under the continuation of current climate scenario, but are more sensitive to harvesting under warming climate conditions ( Table 8 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term effects of planting and harvesting on secondary forest dynamics under climate change in northeastern China

Chen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Unlike the virgin forest in the Changbaishan Nature Reserve in northeastern China, little research on a landscape scale has been conducted on secondary forests in the region under conditions of a warming climate. This research was undertaken in the upper Hun River region where the vegetation is representative of the typical secondary forest of northeastern China. The spatially explicit forest landscape model LANDIS was utilized to simulate the responses of forest restoration dynamics to anthropogenic disturbance (planting and harvesting) and evaluate the difference of the restoration process under continuation of current climatic conditions and climate warming. The results showed that: (1) The interaction of planting and harvesting has organizational scale effects on the forest. The combination of planting and harvesting policies has significant effects on the overall forest but not on individual species. (2) The area expansion of the historically dominant species Pinus koraiensis is less under climate warming than under continuation of current climatic conditions. These suggests that we should carefully take historically dominant species as the main focus for forest restoration, especially when they are near their natural distribution boundary, because they are probably less capable of successfully adapting to climate change.

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“…In the past two decades, new restoration approaches in the tropics have emphasized the establishment of highly functional plantation forests with native species in mixed stands. Recent studies suggest positive mixture effects on many ecosystem functions such as lower tree mortality, enhanced biomass productivity coupled with higher resource-use efficiency (including nutrients, water, and light) by trees, higher decomposition rates, reduced damage from pest or diseases, and better nutrient retention than the mono plantations (Forrester, Theiveyanathan, Collopy, & Marcar, 2010;Healy, Gotelli, & Potvin Partitioning, 2008;Hung, Herbohn, Lamb, & Nhan, 2011;Lawson & Michler, 2014;le Maire et al, 2013;Nichols, Bristow, & Vanclay, 2006;Puettmann & Tappeiner, 2014;Richards, Forrester, Bauhus, & Scherer-Lorenzen, 2010). Vietnam, China, and the Philippines encourage landholders to plant mixtures by their national reforestation programs (Lamb, Erskine, & Parrotta, 2005); in several countries, for smallholder and community forestry (mostly of native species) (Herbohn et al, 2014) there is often little comprehensive information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival, growth, aboveground biomass, and carbon sequestration of mono and mixed native tree species plantations on the Coromandel Coast of India

Anbarashan

Padmavathy

Alexandar

et al. 2019

Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes

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In India, reforestation programs with native indigenous tree species are a recent activity. Information on experiences comparing mono-and mixed-species plantations is limited. This study aims to estimate growth, aboveground biomass, and carbon sequestration between the mixed-species plantation and mono-species plantation. The growth, survival, height, aboveground biomass, and carbon sequestration of 82 native mixed species plantations were compared with Casuarina equisetifolia an exotic species planted in this region after over a decade (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016). In the mixed species plantation, 7 species showed 100% survival rate and 19 species were not survived after over a decade intervals. While in the mono plantation, C. equisetifolia showed 92% of the survival rate. The growth rate of mixed species when compared to mono plantation, it showed highly significant differences (P < 0:05) values. Simple linear regression between annual girth increment and height produced very strong positive relations (R 2 0.759). The aboveground biomass estimated for the mixed native plantation was 8.007 tonnes and the mono plantation Casuarina had 5.585 tonnes. The total carbon stock estimated for the tree plantation in the two plots (both mixed native and mono) was 7.492 tonnes. A positive correlation was observed between the carbon stock and density of the top 10 species which contributed predominantly to the total carbon stock (rs = 0.773, p < 0.05). Plantation of C. equisetifolia seems to be well adapted and had more carbon stocking potential. On the other hand, mixed plantation with indigenous species would contribute more to sustainable management and they provide great shelters for many faunal communities and provide a greater range of ecological goods and ecosystem services than the mono plantations.

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Afforestation, restoration and regeneration — Not all trees are created equal

Cited by 40 publications

References 147 publications

Estimating the Aboveground Biomass for Planted Forests Based on Stand Age and Environmental Variables

Estimating the Aboveground Biomass for Planted Forests Based on Stand Age and Environmental Variables

The long-term effects of planting and harvesting on secondary forest dynamics under climate change in northeastern China

Survival, growth, aboveground biomass, and carbon sequestration of mono and mixed native tree species plantations on the Coromandel Coast of India

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