Aflatoxins: Their Measure and Analysis

Manetta, Anna Chiara

doi:10.5772/23965

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 56 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…These methods are affordable and easy to perform that's why they are used for AFM1 screening. (Manetta, 2011). The importance of immunoassays, mainly ELISA, has increased rapidly in the recent years.…”

Section: Detection Of Aflatoxins By Various Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk: A serious issue to be tackled

Zahra

2024

JNFP

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This comprehensive review addresses the critical issue of Aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk, emphasizing its presence, detection methods, permissible levels, and associated health risks. Aflatoxin M1, a carcinogenic byproduct of Aflatoxin B1, poses significant concerns for the safety of milk, a crucial source of essential nutrients. Regulatory standards from entities like the European Union, U.S. FDA, and FSSAI highlight the need for monitoring and controlling contamination to protect public health. The review extensively explores diverse detection techniques, with ELISA standing out for its speed and precision. Preventive measures, including inhibiting contaminated feed intake, vaccination strategies, and judicious feed usage, are discussed as effective means to minimize Aflatoxin M1 in milk. However, complete elimination remains challenging, leading to the exploration of additional detoxification methods. The review covers various approaches during milk processing, such as pasteurization, sterilization, and the potential roles of probiotics. Absorption materials like bentonite and activated carbon show promise in binding and removing Aflatoxin M1, while chemical approaches with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide are examined with a cautious note on potential risks. Novel detoxification techniques involving plant extracts, including black cumin, garlic, and broccoli, is highlighted for their antioxidant properties. In conclusion, this review provides a foundational understanding of the multifaceted challenge of Aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk, offering insights for future research and the development of effective strategies to ensure the safety and quality of this dietary staple.

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Section: Detection Of Aflatoxins By Various Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk: A serious issue to be tackled

Zahra

2024

JNFP

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Parents’ Practices Associated with Aflatoxin Contamination and Control of Complementary Foods in Central Tanzania

Ngoma¹,

Tiisekwa²,

Mwaseba³

et al. 2016

JFNS

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Parents' practices that are associated with aflatoxin contamination and control in complementary foods were studied in Central Tanzania. A descriptive cross-sectional survey using interviewer-administered structured pretested questionnaire was conducted among 364 randomly selected parents of children aged between 6-23 months, and the mean age (SD) of the respondents was 30 (8.3) years old. The majority 33.2% of the participants harvest their crops in April followed by June which is 26.6%, March which is 21.2% and May which is 19% of all the participants. Most processing activities like dehulling, milling, drying, storage were analysed. The statistical packages SPSS (version 21) computer software packages were used to analyze the data. The results of logistic regression model for dehulling crops confirmed that respondents with less than or with US$ 22.8 as monthly income (OR=0.250, 95% CI: 0.111-0.564) were significantly 0.3 less likely to dehull crops (p<0.05) than respondents who earned more than US$. 22.8. On the other hand, petty trader participants (OR =3.712, 95% CI: 1.420-9.699) were significantly almost 4 times more with a tendency of dehulling the crops (p<0.05) than farmers. The study team recommends that parents should be trained on appropriate methods of drying, storage, and dehulling their crops after harvesting in order to control fungal and aflatoxin infestation. In addition, research on harvesting time, drying, storage, and dehulling practices of crops in Tanzanian is needed.

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Nanobody-based indirect competitive ELISA for the detection of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products

Yi,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic and poses a serious threat to food safety and human health, which makes its surveillance critical. In this study, an indirect competitive ELISA (icELISA) based on a nanobody (Nb M4) was developed for the sensitive and rapid detection of AFM1 in dairy products. In our previous work, Nb M4 was screened from a Bactrian-camel-immunized phage-displayed library. It exhibits VH-like features, possesses higher thermal stability than monoclonal antibody (mAb 1E6) and tightly binds to AFM1–BSA with a KD value of 2.5 nM. Under the optimal conditions, its half-maximal inhibitory concentration was 0.338 ng/mL, the limit of detection was 0.051 ng/mL, and linearity was noted in the range of 0.168–0.679 ng/mL. Nb M4 displayed almost no cross-reactivity with other mycotoxins. No matrix effect was observed in milk and milk powder samples, and the matrix effect in yogurt samples could be weakened by 2-fold dilution. Furthermore, validation studies in spiked samples (milk, yogurt, and milk powder) resulted in good recoveries of 95.40%–111.33%, with a low coefficient of variation (2.89%–6.78%). High-performance liquid chromatography was used to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the developed icELISA, which indicated a satisfactory consistent correlation (R2 = 0.9722). This study has provided a novel and ideal strategy for detecting AFM1 in dairy products.

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Aflatoxins: Their Measure and Analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

Aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk: A serious issue to be tackled

Aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk: A serious issue to be tackled

Parents’ Practices Associated with Aflatoxin Contamination and Control of Complementary Foods in Central Tanzania

Nanobody-based indirect competitive ELISA for the detection of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products

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