Africa-wide meta-analysis on the prevalence and distribution of human cystic echinococcosis and canine Echinococcus granulosus infections

Karshima, Solomon Ngutor; Ahmed, Musa Isiyaku; Adamu, Nuhu Bala; Magaji, A. A.; Zakariah, Musa; Mohammed, Konto

doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05474-6

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 120 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[15] A recent Africa-wide meta-analysis on the prevalence and distribution of CE showed a modest prevalence of 1.7% on the continent. [11,16] Liver CE is the commonest manifestation of the disease, and it is underdiagnosed and poorly studied in SA. [12] The present study retrospectively analysed the demographic and clinical features of 56 patients diagnosed with hepatic CE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver cystic echinococcosis: A retrospective study on the demographics and clinical profile of patients managed at a single tertiary institution in central Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Govindasamy,

Bhattarai,

Van Niekerk

et al. 2024

S Afr Med J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease with an Africa-wide prevalence of 1.7%. CE is caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, with the liver being the most commonly affected organ. In South Africa (SA), there is a paucity of data on liver CE demographics and management. Objectives. To describe the demographics and clinical profile of patients with liver CE in a single tertiary hospital in Eastern Cape Province, SA. Methods. A 4-year (2019 - 2022) retrospective clinical record review study was conducted on patients presenting with liver CE to the Department of Surgery at Frere Hospital. The demographics, clinical characteristics and management of patients with liver CE are reported. Results. A total of 56 patients diagnosed with and managed for liver CE were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 37.5 years. Abdominal pain (n=39; 69.6%) was the most common presenting symptom, and a palpable abdominal mass (n=36; 64.3%) was the predominant presenting sign. Most patients had disease confined to the liver (n=35; 62.5%). The right lobe of the liver was most commonly affected (n=38; 67.9%), and most patients had a single liver cyst on imaging (n=32; 57.1%). The majority of the patients (n=36; 64.3%) were managed with surgical partial cystectomy, with a perioperative bile leak being the most common complication. Conclusion. In our setting, liver CE contributes to a significant local burden of the disease. The disease often has a nonspecific clinical presentation, necessitating imaging for the diagnosis. We observed good short-term outcomes in patients managed with combined partial cystectomy and medical therapy, although there is a risk of perioperative bile leak.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver cystic echinococcosis: A retrospective study on the demographics and clinical profile of patients managed at a single tertiary institution in central Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Govindasamy,

Bhattarai,

Van Niekerk

et al. 2024

S Afr Med J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There may be internal structures, and occasionally they present with cavitation in some patients. The disease is present across Africa and southeast Asia, 70,71 where there is close association between humans, dogs, sheep, and goats, usual in agricultural areas.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Clinical Presentation and Management

Evans,

Lawal,

Kosmidis

et al. 2023

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) refers to a number of clinical syndromes resulting from the presence and local proliferation of Aspergillus organisms in the lungs of patients with chronic lung disease. CPA is more common than was realized two decades ago. Recognition remains poor, despite recent studies from many countries highlighting the high prevalence in at-risk populations. In low- and middle-income countries, CPA may be misdiagnosed and treated as tuberculosis (TB). In addition, CPA may develop following successful TB treatment. The coronavirus disease pandemic has resulted in significant disruption to provision of TB care, likely leading to more extensive lung damage, which could increase the risk for CPA.Although CPA refers to various syndromes, the classic presentation is that of chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis, which manifests as one or more progressive cavities with or without a fungal ball, accompanied by systemic and respiratory symptoms for at least 3 months. Diagnosis relies on Aspergillus immunoglobulin G in serum, as sputum culture lacks sensitivity. Differential diagnosis includes mycobacterial infection, bacterial lung abscess or necrotizing pneumonia, lung cancer, and endemic fungi.The aim of antifungal treatment in CPA is to improve symptoms and quality of life, and to halt progression, and possibly reverse radiological changes. Current recommendations suggest treatment for 6 months, although in practice many patients remain on long-term treatment. Improvement may manifest as weight gain and improvement of symptoms such as productive cough, hemoptysis, and fatigue. Surgical management should be considered in cases of diagnostic uncertainty, in significant hemoptysis, and when there is concern for lack of response to therapy. Itraconazole and voriconazole are the first-line azoles, with more experience now accumulating with posaconazole and isavuconazole. Side effects are frequent and careful monitoring including therapeutic drug monitoring is essential. Intravenous antifungals such as echinocandins and amphotericin B are used in cases of azole intolerance or resistance, which often develop on treatment. Relapse is seen after completion of antifungal therapy in around 20% of cases, mostly in bilateral, high-burden disease.Several research priorities have been identified, including characterization of immune defects and genetic variants linked to CPA, pathogenetic mechanisms of Aspergillus adaptation in the lung environment, the contribution of non-fumigatus Aspergillus species, and the role of new antifungal agents, immunotherapy, and combination therapy.

show abstract

“…Hydatid disease (HD) is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The parasite primarily spreads through contact with infected animals, such as dogs or livestock, and its larvae can form cysts in different tissues [ 1 ]. HD disease can affect any organ in the human body.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary isolated hydatid cyst of the spleen: A case report

Jallali,

Chaouch,

Zenati

et al. 2024

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Africa-wide meta-analysis on the prevalence and distribution of human cystic echinococcosis and canine Echinococcus granulosus infections

Cited by 15 publications

References 120 publications

Liver cystic echinococcosis: A retrospective study on the demographics and clinical profile of patients managed at a single tertiary institution in central Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Liver cystic echinococcosis: A retrospective study on the demographics and clinical profile of patients managed at a single tertiary institution in central Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Clinical Presentation and Management

Primary isolated hydatid cyst of the spleen: A case report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About