African-American and Caucasian participation in postmortem human brain donation for neuropsychiatric research

Deep-Soboslay, Amy; Mighdoll, Michelle I.; Jaffe, Andrew E.; Thomas, Stephen B.; Herman, Mary M.; Sirovatka, Jonathan; King, Jewell P.; Fowler, David; Zulauf, Dawn; DiAngelo, Constance; Hyde, Thomas M.; Kleinman, Joel E.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222565

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Next-of-kin of decedents determined acceptable for referral are then contacted by LIBD to request consent for donation. One study documented that more than half (57.0%) of all African-American families and more than two-thirds (74.1%) of all Caucasian families who were contacted by the LIBD at the time of autopsy for consent to donate their deceased loved one's brain for neuropsychiatric research agreed to do so (34). Donor history is documented via medical records, mental health records, and telephone interviews with the next-of-kin (described below).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide in Older Adult Men Is Not Related to a Personal History of Participation in Football

et al. 2021

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Introduction: It is reasonable to estimate that tens of millions of men in the United States played high school football. There is societal concern that participation in football confers risk for later-in-life mental health problems. The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is an association between a personal history of playing high school football and death by suicide.Methods: The subjects were obtained from the Lieber Institute for Brain Development (LIBD) brain donation program in collaboration with the Office of the Medical Examiner at Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine. Donor history was documented via medical records, mental health records, and telephone interviews with the next-of-kin.Results: The sample included 198 men aged 50 or older (median = 65.0 years, interquartile range = 57–75). There were 34.8% who participated in contact sports during high school (including football), and 29.8% participated in high school football. Approximately one-third of the sample had suicide as their manner of death (34.8%). There was no statistically significant difference in the proportions of suicide as a manner of death among those men with a personal history of playing football compared to men who did not play football or who did not play sports (p = 0.070, Odds Ratio, OR = 0.537). Those who played football were significantly less likely to have a lifetime history of a suicide attempt (p = 0.012, OR = 0.352). Men with mood disorders (p < 0.001, OR = 10.712), substance use disorders (p < 0.020, OR = 2.075), and those with a history of suicide ideation (p < 0.001, OR = 8.038) or attempts (p < 0.001, OR = 40.634) were more likely to have suicide as a manner of death. Moreover, those men with a family history of suicide were more likely to have prior suicide attempts (p = 0.031, OR = 2.153) and to have completed suicide (p = 0.001, OR = 2.927).Discussion: Suicide was related to well-established risk factors such as a personal history of a mood disorder, substance abuse disorder, prior suicide ideation, suicide attempts, and a family history of suicide attempts. This study adds to a steadily growing body of evidence suggesting that playing high school football is not associated with increased risk for suicidality or suicide during adulthood.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide in Older Adult Men Is Not Related to a Personal History of Participation in Football

et al. 2021

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“…Next, of kin for potential donors who met inclusion criteria were then contacted by LIBD for consent for donation. According to previous study, 57.0% of all African–American families and 74.1% of all Caucasian families who were contacted by the LIBD agreed to donate at the time of autopsy ( 23 ). Donor history was compiled via medical record review, and telephone interviews with the legal next of kin (described below).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change is uncommon in men who played amateur American football

et al. 2023

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IntroductionWe examined postmortem brain tissue from men, over the age of 50, for chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change (CTE-NC). We hypothesized that (i) a small percentage would have CTE-NC, (ii) those who played American football during their youth would be more likely to have CTE-NC than those who did not play contact or collision sports, and (iii) there would be no association between CTE-NC and suicide as a manner of death.MethodsBrain tissue from 186 men and accompanying clinical information were obtained from the Lieber Institute for Brain Development. Manner of death was determined by a board-certified forensic pathologist. Information was obtained from next of kin telephone interviews, including medical, social, demographic, family, and psychiatric history. The 2016 and 2021 consensus definitions were used for CTE-NC. Two authors screened all cases, using liberal criteria for identifying “possible” CTE-NC, and five authors examined the 15 selected cases.ResultsThe median age at the time of death was 65 years (interquartile range = 57–75; range = 50–96). There were 25.8% with a history of playing American football and 36.0% who had suicide as their manner of death. No case was rated as definitively having “features” of CTE-NC by all five authors. Ten cases were rated as having features of CTE-NC by three or more authors (5.4% of the sample), including 8.3% of those with a personal history of playing American football and 3.9% of those who did not play contact or collision sports. Of those with mood disorders during life, 5.5% had features of CTE-NC compared to 6.0% of those who did not have a reported mood disorder. Of those with suicide as a manner of death, 6.0% had features of CTE-NC compared to 5.0% of those who did not have suicide as a manner of death.DiscussionWe did not identify a single definitive case of CTE-NC, from the perspective of all raters, and only 5.4% of cases were identified as having possible features of CTE-NC by some raters. CTE-NC was very uncommon in men who played amateur American football, those with mood disorders during life, and those with suicide as a manner of death.

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“…Postmortem human NAc and DLPFC tissues were obtained at autopsy by the Lieber Institute for Brain Development Human Brain Repository [11][12][13][14] . Decedents with brain trauma, metastatic brain cancer, neuritic pathology, neurodegenerative diseases, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, or other communicable diseases were excluded.…”

Section: Human Postmortem Nac and Dlpfc Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Use Disorder-Associated DNA Methylation in the Nucleus Accumbens and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

White,

Minto,

Willis

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) has a profound public health impact. However, understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of AUD remain limited. Here, we interrogate AUD-associated DNA methylation (DNAm) changes within and across addiction-relevant brain regions: the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).MethodsIllumina HumanMethylation EPIC array data from 119 decedents of European ancestry (61 cases, 58 controls) were analyzed using robust linear regression, with adjustment for technical and biological variables. Associations were characterized using integrative analyses of public gene regulatory data and published genetic and epigenetic studies. We additionally tested for brain region-shared and -specific associations using mixed effects modeling and assessed implications of these results using public gene expression data.ResultsAt a false discovery rate ≤ 0.05, we identified 53 CpGs significantly associated with AUD status for NAc and 31 CpGs for DLPFC. In a meta-analysis across the regions, we identified an additional 21 CpGs associated with AUD, for a total of 105 unique AUD-associated CpGs (120 genes). AUD-associated CpGs were enriched in histone marks that tag active promoters and our strongest signals were specific to a single brain region. Of the 120 genes, 23 overlapped with previous genetic associations for substance use behaviors; all others represent novel associations.ConclusionsOur findings identify AUD-associated methylation signals, the majority of which are specific within NAc or DLPFC. Some signals may constitute predisposing genetic and epigenetic variation, though more work is needed to further disentangle the neurobiological gene regulatory differences associated with AUD.

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African-American and Caucasian participation in postmortem human brain donation for neuropsychiatric research

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Suicide in Older Adult Men Is Not Related to a Personal History of Participation in Football

Suicide in Older Adult Men Is Not Related to a Personal History of Participation in Football

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change is uncommon in men who played amateur American football

Alcohol Use Disorder-Associated DNA Methylation in the Nucleus Accumbens and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

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