African American Girls??? Smoking Habits and Day-to-Day Experiences With Racial Discrimination

Guthrie, Barbara; Young, Amy; Williams, David R.; Boyd, Carol J.; Kintner, Eileen Kae

doi:10.1097/00006199-200205000-00007

Cited by 191 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Racism has a strong and lasting impact on the health of minorities [66][67][68][69][70] ; however, few respondents endorsed racism and discrimination as a significant childhood stressor. We expected the large percentage of racial/ethnic minorities participating in our study, having grown up in disadvantaged racially segregated communities, would list discrimination as one of the predominant stressors in their lives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences of Low-Income Urban Youth

Wade¹,

et al. 2014

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Current assessments of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may not adequately encompass the breadth of adversity to which low-income urban children are exposed. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize the range of adverse childhood experiences faced by young adults who grew up in a low-income urban area. METHODS: Focus groups were conducted with young adults who grew up in low-income Philadelphia neighborhoods. Using the nominal group technique, participants generated a list of adverse childhood experiences and then identified the 5 most stressful experiences on the group list. The most stressful experiences identified by participants were grouped into a ranked list of domains and subdomains. RESULTS: Participants identified a range of experiences, grouped into 10 domains: family relationships, community stressors, personal victimization, economic hardship, peer relationships, discrimination, school, health, child welfare/juvenile justice, and media/technology. Included in these domains were many but not all of the experiences from the initial ACEs studies; parental divorce/separation and mental illness were absent. Additional experiences not included in the initial ACEs but endorsed by our participants included single-parent homes; exposure to violence, adult themes, and criminal behavior; personal victimization; bullying; economic hardship; and discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: Gathering youth perspectives on childhood adversity broadens our understanding of the experience of stress and trauma in childhood. Future work is needed to determine the significance of this broader set of adverse experiences in predisposing children to poor health outcomes as adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences of Low-Income Urban Youth

Wade¹,

et al. 2014

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“…In fact, certain types of victimization, such as intimate partner violence, sexual assault, and traumatic events, can be independent risk factors for continued smoking (Amstadter et al, 2009;Roberts, Fuemmeler, McClernon, & Beckham, 2008;Stueve & O'Donnell, 2007). Prior work with adolescent and young adult racial minorities demonstrates associations between racial-and ethnic-based discrimination and smoking (Guthrie, Young, Williams, Boyd, & Kintner, 2002;Landrine & Klonoff, 2000;Wiehe, Aalsma, Liu, & Fortenberry, 2010). Although smoking was not assessed, Mays and Cochran (2001) found support that discrimination moderated the relationship between sexual orientation differences in psychiatric problems, including alcohol and illicit drug use.…”

Section: Associations Of Discrimination and Violence With Smoking Amomentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Discrimination and Violence With Smoking Among Emerging Adults: Differences by Gender and Sexual Orientation

Blosnich

Horn

2011

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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“…But we do know that among people of color, experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination are harmful to physical and mental health, [46][47][48][49][50] and that perceived discrimination may influence individual-level risk behaviors. 51,52 Given the prominence of this theme among participants, future research on neighborhood context might consider how these experiences influence vulnerability to the outcome of early childbearing among this population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Contexts Experienced by Young Mexican-American Women: Enhancing Our Understanding of Risk for Early Childbearing

Richardson

Nuru-Jeter

2011

J Urban Health

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Young Mexican-American women are disproportionately affected by teen pregnancy and early childbearing. While many of the studies that have investigated this population's high risk for early childbearing have focused predominantly on micro-level factors, a growing body of research has demonstrated the importance of neighborhoodlevel factors in shaping risk for this outcome. In order to elucidate the role of neighborhood context with regards to early childbearing among adolescent Mexican-American women, it is important to understand what these young women consider to be their neighborhood context and how they experience these contexts. This study utilized a mixed-methods design incorporating participatory photography, photo-elicitation, and focus groups in order to gain a more nuanced understanding of how neighborhood context is conceptualized and experienced by Mexican-American young women, and how these experiences may influence risk for early childbearing. Major findings include: (1) participants view the blocks on which they live as their neighborhood, but their exposure to neighborhood context extends beyond these blocks and includes the transient spaces they move through daily; and (2) within their neighborhood contexts, participants are influenced by experiences of discrimination and the presence of gangs and violence. These findings point to the importance of neighborhood-level factors in the lives of adolescent Mexican-American women, and may be used to inform future studies looking at the role of neighborhood context in shaping risk for early childbearing among this population.

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African American Girls??? Smoking Habits and Day-to-Day Experiences With Racial Discrimination

Abstract: Perceptions of racial discrimination are related to the smoking habits of African American adolescent girls.

Cited by 191 publications

References 25 publications

Adverse Childhood Experiences of Low-Income Urban Youth

Adverse Childhood Experiences of Low-Income Urban Youth

Associations of Discrimination and Violence With Smoking Among Emerging Adults: Differences by Gender and Sexual Orientation

Neighborhood Contexts Experienced by Young Mexican-American Women: Enhancing Our Understanding of Risk for Early Childbearing

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