African American Racial Identity and Sport

Harrison, Louis; Harrison, C. Keith; Moore, Leonard

doi:10.1080/1357332022000018823

Cited by 66 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Steele's fundamental idea is that one's environment has a direct effect on performance. In the midst of what others might think, mental capacity for optimal performance is diverted and performance decreases, precipitating the cyclical effects of self-stereotyping (Harrison et al, 2002).…”

Section: Stereotype Threatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sum, stereotyping is the natural tendency to accept generalizations about certain groups of people. These can be particularly pernicious when based on race markers in the context of our race-conscious society and they are manifested in one's expectations of and interactions with others (Harrison et al, 2002;Loury, 2002).…”

Section: Stereotype Identity and Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lingering stereotypic beliefs about this historically stigmatized group depict Blacks as athletically superior while intellectually inferior to Whites (Coakley, 1990;Harrison, 2001;Harrison et al, 2002;Harrison & Lawrence, 2004;Hodge et al, 2008;Sailes, 1991;Wiggins, 1989). This may be due to race logic, which suggests that White athletes' success in sports can be ascribed to intellectual attributes and hard work, whereas Black athletes' success results from natural superior physical abilities.…”

Section: The Character Of Racial Stereotypes Of Black Student-athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Who is Whistling Vivaldi? How Black football players engage with stereotype threats in college

Griffin

2016

International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education

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Who is Whistling Vivaldi?: How Black Football Players Engage with Stereotype Threats in CollegeWhitney Nicole Griffin Chair of the Supervisory Committee:Professor Clayton Cook Educational PsychologyResearch has shown that the threat of negative stereotypes can have pernicious effects on the decision-making thoughts and behaviors for those who are targets (Steele, 2011). When college students and professors subscribe to stereotypes that student-athletes enter college based solely on their physical abilities rather than their academic and intellectual capabilities, targets of the stereotypes may experience identity dissonance that exacerbates their decisions, behaviors, and ultimately their academic performance. In light of the impact of negative stereotypes on student-athlete performance, the purpose of this dissertation was to conduct a phenomenological, qualitative study that examined how Black male football players engage and cope with negative stereotypes at a predominantly White institution (PWI). Data was collected and analyzed from semi-structured interviews with 10 Black male football student-athletes employing grounded theory methodology to examine how they experience, are affected by, and respond to negative stereotypes.Empirical results elucidate various strategies employed to engage with stereotype threat.Thematic categories include responses that exacerbated, habituated to, or mitigated the stereotype encounter. The current study investigates the successful coping strategies Black football players currently use. Emergent themes gained from this inquiry helped the researcher 4 identify specific harbingers for interventions that would inculcate Black male student-athletes with tools to mitigate negative stereotypes that may undermine their performance in college and all areas of life. Implications are further discussed for postulating an institutionalized workshop series designed to teach effective coping mechanisms for all Black athletes.

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Section: Stereotype Threatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stereotype Identity and Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Character Of Racial Stereotypes Of Black Student-athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Who is Whistling Vivaldi? How Black football players engage with stereotype threats in college

Griffin

2016

International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education

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“…Here, it is interesting to note how his experiences parallel those of other black athletes. For example, Harrison et al (2002) illustrate how African American athletes competing in intercollegiate sport are shielded from racism and discrimination so that their athletic identity comes to the fore and the importance of their racial identity decreases and slips into the background.…”

Section: Losing Muscle and Becoming 'Black Again'mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Muscled Self and Its Aftermath: A Life History Study of an Elite, Black, Male Bodybuilder

Sparkes

Batey²,

Brown³

2005

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“…Harrison, Harrison, and Moore (2002) argued that Nigrescence theory (Cross, 1995) offers a useful framework for understanding the relationship between Black racial identity development and that of athletic identity. The potent influence of race based self-schemas may pressurise Black youths to seek group acceptability by developing abilities in particular sports, and may also influence educational and occupational patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

False Start?

Turner

Ian

2007

Journal of Black Studies

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UK sprint coaches' employment of common racial stereotypes in explaining the success of Black and White sprinters was studied. It was hypothesised that the Black success would be attributed to innate genetic factors, whereas White success would be attributed to socioeconomic advantages, intelligence, and hard work. Thirty-one sprint coaches participated in success attribution exercises. Quantitative results revealed that Black and White photograph conditions were generally scored similarly in relation to stereotypical factors. However, qualitative results indicated some stereotype replication, and susceptibility to natural ability stereotypes due to an over emphasis on biological determinism, and modest recognition of less immediately apparent developmental factors. Whilst reassuring evidence was gained that UK sprint coaches do not widely employ stereotypes in attributing differently the success of Black and White athletes, there was sufficient evidence to necessitate continued vigilance. A theoretical model of stereotype influences in sprinting, and recommendations for both coaching and coach education are presented.

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African American Racial Identity and Sport

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

Who is Whistling Vivaldi? How Black football players engage with stereotype threats in college

Who is Whistling Vivaldi? How Black football players engage with stereotype threats in college

The Muscled Self and Its Aftermath: A Life History Study of an Elite, Black, Male Bodybuilder

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