African blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) and other local Tanzanian tree species’ biological performance against subterranean termites and wood decay fungi

Abstract

African blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) is known as an indispensable material for the production of musical instruments, e.g., clarinets, oboes, and piccolos. The authors focused on the biological performance of African blackwood and other local Tanzanian species in order to collect preliminary data for developing further uses for these local timbers. Five local species, including African blackwood, were exposed to both subterranean termites (Coptotermes formosanus) and two wood decay fungi (White rot fungus (Trametes versicolor) and Brown rot fungus (Fomitopsis palustris)) according to Japanese standard test methods. African blackwood heartwood had high durability against both termite and fungal attacks, as well as the highest air-dried density of all test species. Some species also indicated a higher durability, even though they had a lower density than African blackwood heartwood. The authors showed the importance of heartwood extractives in terms of biological performance for the local Tanzanian timbers. The authors findings suggested that African blackwood heartwood was clearly useful as a high-durability material in addition to current major applications. The potential of the other local species was also suggested in terms of further timber utilization. These results presented fundamental information about sustainable forest management based on the effective utilization of local timbers.

Rotenoids and Isoflavones from Xeroderris stuhlmannii (Taub.) Mendonça & E.P. Souza and Their Biological Activities

“…Based on the various diversity of secondary metabolites from the Fabaceae family [ 3 ] and the ethnopharmacological report on Xeroderris stuhlmannii (Taub) Mendonça and Souza, we examined the leaves of X. stuhlmannii , one of the two species of Xeroderris genus [ 7 ]. X. stuhlmannii grows in the West Region of Cameroon and is also called “wing pod” or “wing bean” in English and “mumundu” in the South–West region of Cameroon [ 8 , 9 ]. X. stuhlmannii is a tree, growing up to 18–27 m tall and 120 cm in diameter.…”