African swine fever virus: A re-emerging threat to the swine industry and food security in the Americas

Abstract

Reemergence of ASFVSince the reemergence of ASFV in Europe through the Caucasus region in 2007, the virus has rapidly expanded and reached the Russian Federation, East Europe, and Asia (Dixon et al., 2020). In 2018, the detection of ASFV in China, killing at least half of the swine population of China (Zhou et al., 2018), and subsequent dissemination to Southeast Asia; threat one of the most significant swine industries of the world, which contains half the world's swine population (Dixon et al., 2020;Gaudreault et al., 2020). The high socioeconomic impact of ASFV infection results from direct death and culling of the animals and loss of business in the swine production chain, costs of disease control, and international trade blocks (Zhou et al., 2018). In addition, large epidemics can result

African swine fever at the wildlife-livestock interface: challenges for management and outbreak response within invasive wild pigs in the United States

“…African swine fever (ASF) causes significant morbidity and mortality in swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) and can cause profound economic costs for the pork industry due to death loss, the cost of disease control, and trade restrictions imposed on ASF positive regions (1). Additionally, this disease impacts animal welfare, rural development, and food security across local, national, and international markets (2).…”

A Cell-Adapted Live-Attenuated Vaccine Candidate Protects Pigs against the Homologous Strain VNUA-ASFV-05L1, a Representative Strain of the Contemporary Pandemic African Swine Fever Virus

“…A total of 24 ASFV genotypes (I-XXIV) have been described based on the ASFV p72 major capsid protein gene ( B646L ) [ 3 ]. The highly virulent ASFV genotype II that emerged in the Caucasus region in 2007 is responsible for the contemporary pandemic in Europe/Asia, and the outbreaks in Caribbean countries (Dominican Republic and Haiti) [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. The first outbreak of ASF in Vietnam was reported in early 2019 and quickly spread across the entire country with more than 8 million piglets depopulated, which was equal to nearly 25 percent of the total pig population in 2020 [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Increased Presence of Circulating Cell-Free, Fragmented, Host DNA in Pigs Infected with Virulent African Swine Fever Virus

“…A highly virulent genotype II virus has become important globally following its introduction into Georgia in 2007 and its subsequent spread into many countries in Europe and Asia [ 6 ]. Recently, the disease has also occurred in Haiti and the Dominican Republic [ 7 ]. It has been introduced into multiple EU countries and, in 2022, new outbreaks occurred in eight of them, including Germany, Italy, Slovakia, and Poland [ 8 ].…”