After effects of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) on the biosphere and their counteractive ways

Rehman, Muneeb U; Nisar, Bisma; Mohd Yatoo, Ali; Sehar, Nouroz; Tomar, Rinki; Tariq, Lubna; Ali, Shafat; Ali, Aarif; Mudasir Rashid, Shahzada; Bilal Ahmad, Sheikh; Aldossari, Rana M

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2024.126921

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 152 publications

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“…Generally, primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment processes are included in WWTPs, and they are effective in eliminating pollutants such as organic substances and nutrients. The ECs could be eliminated via sedimentation, adsorption, and biodegradation [3,4]. However, the removal efficiencies are not stable, depending on the types, loads, and characteristics of the contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics and Endocrine Disruptors in Typical Wastewater Treatment Plants in Megacity Shanghai

Tong,

Xie,

et al. 2024

Toxics

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The fast development of China’s urbanization has led to a notable release of emerging pollutants, including microplastics (MPs) and endocrine disruptors (EDCs). Generally, these pollutants enter the coastal environment through the discharge of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and finally threaten the organisms in the receiving waterbody. The study investigated the environmental behavior of MPs and EDCs in two typical WWTPs in one of the megacities in China, Shanghai. The abundance of MPs in the influent ranged from 321 to 976 items/L. Four shapes (films, fragments, fibers, and microbead) were found, while fibers and films dominated. Transparent (31–63%) and white (20–47%) MPs were more frequently observed, while polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose, and cellophane were the main polymetric materials. The size of the MPs fell between 15.8 μm and 2220 μm, and the smaller one (<500 μm) dominated. The removal efficiencies of the two WWTPs for MPs ranged from 64% to 92%, and both WWTPs performed better for large pieces of MPs (>500 μm). For EDCs, total concentrations in the influent were detected, ranging from 113 to 2780 ng/L. Two groups, including phenolic estrogens (PEs) and steroid estrogens (SEs), were detected, and PEs, especially bisphenol A (BPA), were the predominant individuals among the studied EDCs. Specifically, PEs ranged from 82.8 to 2637 ng/L, while SEs ranged from 27.3 to 143 ng/L. The removal efficiencies of the WWTPs for EDCs varied (82.8–100%) as well, possibly due to the different treatment compartments and contamination load in the influent. Seasonal variations for both MPs and EDCs were observed. Specifically, concentrations of MPs and EDCs in WWTPs influent were higher in the wet season, as well as the removal efficiency. Furthermore, there was a correlation observed between the concentrations of MPs and EDCs, suggesting that MPs and EDCs may originate from the same source and that EDCs released by MPs cannot be ignored during treatment. Finally, the study evaluated the environmental risk of the effluents. MPs led to a minor risk (Level I), while EDCs might lead to an adverse impact on algae (RQs = 0.0014–0.024) and fish (RQs = 3.4–30.2). In summary, WWTPs received considerable amounts of MPs and EDCs. Although the WWTPs removed the contaminants efficiently, the environmental risk of the effluent needs to be noted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics and Endocrine Disruptors in Typical Wastewater Treatment Plants in Megacity Shanghai

Tong,

Xie,

et al. 2024

Toxics

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Advanced methods for treating gemfibrozil and carbamazepine in wastewater: a review

Sivanesan,

Rameshwar,

Sivaprakash

et al. 2024

Environ Chem Lett

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The contamination of ecosystems by pharmaceuticals and personal care products represents a significant threat to public health, necessitating innovative approaches to clean wastewater before release into aquatic environments. Here, we review the emerging strategies and methods for the remediation of gemfibrozil and carbamazepine, emphasizing toxicological impacts, advanced oxidation processes, membrane-based removal techniques, and the underlying mechanisms driving these removal processes. We found that engineered composites with strong electron transfer capabilities can enhance the removal efficiency as they boost the generation of highly oxidative radicals. For instance, a nano zero-valent ion incorporated carbon–nitrogen composite removes 100% of gemfibrozil within 60 min. Similarly, a ruthenium perovskite-based heterogeneous catalyst achieved 100% elimination of carbamazepine in 7.5 min.

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Synergistic effect of hierarchical pores and self-doped heteroatoms of biochar in rapid and efficient adsorption of PPCPs residues

Chen,

Kang,

et al. 2025

Applied Surface Science

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After effects of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) on the biosphere and their counteractive ways

Cited by 14 publications

References 152 publications

Microplastics and Endocrine Disruptors in Typical Wastewater Treatment Plants in Megacity Shanghai

Microplastics and Endocrine Disruptors in Typical Wastewater Treatment Plants in Megacity Shanghai

Advanced methods for treating gemfibrozil and carbamazepine in wastewater: a review

Synergistic effect of hierarchical pores and self-doped heteroatoms of biochar in rapid and efficient adsorption of PPCPs residues

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