Ag(I), In (III), and Sn (II) chelates of azo mesalamine drug: Characterization, DFT studies, molecular docking and biological evaluation

Abstract

A new set of Ag(I), In (III) and Sn (II) chelates based on azo dye ligand of 5-aminosalicylic acid (H 2 L) were prepared. The structures of this novel chelates have already been confirmed by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, molar conductance, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and mass spectra. The lower conductivity values showed the non-electrolytic nature. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were determined through using Coats-Redfern model, also, potential application; the antibacterial activity of the target compounds was tested by examining their effect on the development of various strains of bacteria. Utilizing UV-visible absorption measurements, we investigated the interaction between calf thymus DNA and the evaluated compounds. According to the findings, the intercalative binding approach, the chelates interact with DNA by assessing the binding constants. Additionally, the in vitro antimicrobial properties of the ligand and its metal chelates were evaluated. The theoretical density functional theory (DFT) simulations for the azo dye ligand (H 2 L) were completed by using B3LYP/6-311G ++ (d,p) basis functions, and the B3LYP/LanL2DZ for Ag(I), In (III), and Sn (II) chelatesshows that the uninuclear Ag(I) and Sn(II) chelates under consideration have a tetrahedral geometry. Although the experimental data are in agreement with the octahedral shape for binuclear In (III) chelate. Molecular docking simulations were carried out using molecular operating environment (MOE) software for the ligand and its chelates. Docking simulation results indicated that the Ag(I) chelate was more potent and exhibited a higher affinity for the (3QKK) protein than the In (III) and Sn (II) chelates. This is in agreements with the biological evaluations under studies.

Structural and biological studies of mononuclear metal (II) complexes containing hetero ligand based on 3‐acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazone

“…The electron density is polarized as seen in the three‐dimensional view of MEP. Additionally, we can get the size and geometry of the molecules 77 . MEP is computed to estimate specific structural reactive sites by the change of color that indicate the electron density along the different positions in the molecule.…”

“…Coats-Redfern (CR) and Horowitz-Metzger methods were used to evaluate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters (E, A, ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG) 76,77 as seen in Figures 1 and S7a,b) and Table 5. It was observed that the investigated chelates revealed high activation energy values (ΔE*) that imply their stability.…”

“…The activation entropies ΔS* were demonstrated with negative values that mean the more ordered activated complexes than the reactants and/or the reactions are slower than typical. 77 The nonspontaneity of the processes was indicated by the positive values of ΔG*.…”

“…The nucleophilic and electrophilic location interactions in the investigated ligand were using the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) map. 77 The electron density is polarized as seen in the three-dimensional view of MEP. Additionally, we can get the size and geometry of the molecules.…”

“…Additionally, we can get the size and geometry of the molecules. 77 MEP is computed to estimate specific structural reactive sites by the change of color that indicate the electron density along the different positions in the molecule. The red or orange areas indicate locations with a high density of electrons, whereas the blue color provides positions with low electron densities.…”