Agar and broth dilution methods to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antimicrobial substances

Wiegand, Irith; Hilpert, Kai; Hancock, Robert E. W.

doi:10.1038/nprot.2007.521

Cited by 4,803 publications

(3,658 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gentamicin sulphate against Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 8532) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (NCTC 11047) was determined using a standard broth MIC assay [31].…”

Section: Bacterial Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adding functionality with additive manufacturing: Fabrication of titanium-based antibiotic eluting implants

Cox

Jamshidi

Eisenstein

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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Additive manufacturing technologies have been utilised in healthcare to create patient-specific implants. This study demonstrates the potential to add new implant functionality by further exploiting the design flexibility of these technologies. Selective laser melting was used to manufacture titanium-based (Ti-6Al-4V) implants containing a reservoir. Pore channels, connecting the implant surface to the reservoir, were incorporated to facilitate antibiotic delivery. An injectable brushite, calciumphosphate cement, was formulated as a carrier vehicle for gentamicin. Incorporation of the antibiotic significantly (p=0.01) improved the compressive strength (5.8± 0.7 MPa) of the cement compared to non-antibiotic samples. The controlled release of gentamicin sulphate from the calcium phosphate cement injected into the implant reservoir was demonstrated in short term elution studies using ultraviolet visible spectroscopy. Orientation of the implant pore channels were shown, using micro-computed tomography, to impact design reproducibility and the back-pressure generated during cement injection which ultimately altered porosity. The amount of antibiotic released from all implant designs over a 6 hour period (b28% of the total amount) were found to exceed the minimum inhibitory concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus (16 μg/mL) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (1 μg/mL); two bacterial species commonly associated with periprosthetic infections. Antibacterial efficacy was confirmed against both bacterial cultures using an agar diffusion assay. Interestingly, pore channel orientation was shown to influence the directionality of inhibition zones. Promisingly, this work demonstrates the potential to additively manufacture a titanium-based antibiotic eluting implant, which is an attractive alternative to current treatment strategies of periprosthetic infections.

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Section: Bacterial Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adding functionality with additive manufacturing: Fabrication of titanium-based antibiotic eluting implants

Cox

Jamshidi

Eisenstein

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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“…. increased rate of antibiotic resistance has led to a significant rise in the treatment costs (13). K. pneumoniae, an important member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, is one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections in immunocompromised individuals (14).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gentamicin, amikacin and tobramycin was determined using E-test according to the CLSI guidelines (13). The Etest strips were purchased from the MAST Company, England.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Educational Hospitals in Zahedan, Iran

et al. 2018

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Background and Objectives: The resistance of gram-negative bacteria to antibiotics has become a serious problem, which imposes a significant increase in treatment costs. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important nosocomial pathogen from the Enterobacteriaceae family. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and pattern of antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical samples.Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed on 150 K. pneumonia strains isolated from different clinical samples such as urine, sputum, blood, ulcers, lung secretions and abdominal abscess. Antibiogram test was performed using the disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). Minimum inhibitory concentration of amikacin, tobramycin and gentamicin was determined via the E-test for 50 strains with high resistance rates.Results: In this study, the highest rate of resistance was observed against carbenicilin, ceftriaxone, cefepime and streptomycin. K. pneumonia isolates were most frequent in urine and sputum samples. In the E-test, the highest rate of resistance was observed against gentamicin, tobramycin (16µg/ml) and amikacin (64µg/ml).Conclusion: Based on our results, tigecycline, netilmicin, kanamycin and amikacin are the most effective antibiotics for the treatment of K. pneumoniae infections.

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“…The assays were carried out by following previously reported methods and performed in the 96-well plates in duplicate with Müller-Hinton broth. 19,20 None of the compounds showed any activity at concentrations up to 100 μM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Competition and co-regulation of spirotoamide and tautomycetin biosynthesis in Streptomyces griseochromogenes, and isolation and structural elucidation of spirotoamide C and D

et al. 2017

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Agar and broth dilution methods to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antimicrobial substances

Cited by 4,803 publications

References 25 publications

Adding functionality with additive manufacturing: Fabrication of titanium-based antibiotic eluting implants

Adding functionality with additive manufacturing: Fabrication of titanium-based antibiotic eluting implants

Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Educational Hospitals in Zahedan, Iran

Competition and co-regulation of spirotoamide and tautomycetin biosynthesis in Streptomyces griseochromogenes, and isolation and structural elucidation of spirotoamide C and D

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