Agar-based films for application as polymer electrolytes

Raphael, Ellen; Avellaneda, César O.; Manzolli, Bruno; Pawlicka, Agnieszka

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2009.06.010

Cited by 158 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar behavior was already observed in the starch-based electrolytes, where an addition of plasticizer insured the amorphous character of the samples [10,15] . The good homogeneity without any phase separation and very good surface uniformity of the agar-based electrolyte was also previously reported [18] . However, Figure 6 show that the addition of NiO changed the morphology of the films, when compared with the membranes reported by Raphael et al [18] .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…From this figure it can be stated an increase of the transmittance of 0 % at 280 nm to 75 % at 633 nm in the visible region. The analysis of the presented results also revealed similarities to the results obtained with the samples based on chitosan [15,18] .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The good homogeneity without any phase separation and very good surface uniformity of the agar-based electrolyte was also previously reported [18] . However, Figure 6 show that the addition of NiO changed the morphology of the films, when compared with the membranes reported by Raphael et al [18] . Small long and light files are observed on SEM image, which can be atributed to the preferential nanoparticles and or polymer accumulation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…However, as PEO is a synthetic polymer some attention has thus been shifted to the use of natural macromolecules because of their biodegradability, low production cost, good physical and chemical properties and good membrane formation properties. Thus, more recently natural polymer-based electrolytes, such as hydroxyethyl cellulose [10] , starch [11] , chitosan [12][13][14] , gelatin [15,16] , and agar [17][18][19] were also proposed. The analyzed samples revealed that similarly to the poly(ethylene oxide)-based electrolytes [20][21][22] , the charge carries can be either Li + species [23] or protons [12,15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of the NiO nanoparticles on the ionic conductivity of the agar-based electrolyte

Audeh¹,

Alcázar²,

Barbosa³

et al. 2014

Polímeros

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NiO nanoparticles with an average size of 15 nm were prepared by a simple, reproducible and low-cost controlled method, using nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Ni(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅6H 2 O). These nanoparticles were added to an agarbased polymer electrolyte formula, resulting, after reflux and solution casting, in a proton conducting membrane. The highest ionic conductivity values of 5.19×10-5 S cm -1 at room temperature and 3.32x10 -4 S cm -1 at 80 °C, were obtained for the sample with 50 wt. % of acetic acid and 0.25 g of NiO. Moreover, the samples showed 75 % of transparency in the visible region, a homogeneous surface and mainly amorphous structure. All the obtained results suggest that agarbased polymer electrolyte with NiO nanoparticles are promising candidates for electrochemical devices application.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of the NiO nanoparticles on the ionic conductivity of the agar-based electrolyte

Audeh¹,

Alcázar²,

Barbosa³

et al. 2014

Polímeros

Self Cite

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“…The photovoltaic parameters of polysaccharides with various salts (like NaI, KI and NH 4 I etc) are reported in literature and tabulated in Table 3. As expected, the most efficient biopolymer electrolyte based DSSCs contain I À /I 3 À redox couple [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117]136,137,160,166,[178][179][180][181].…”

Section: Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Solid Biopolymer Electrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives for solid biopolymer electrolytes in dye sensitized solar cell and battery application

Singh¹,

Polu²,

Bhattacharya³

et al. 2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

121

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a b s t r a c tPhotovoltaic technologies represent one of the leading research areas of solar energy which is one of the most powerful renewable alternatives of fossil fuels. In a common photovoltaic application the batteries play a key role in storage of energy generated by solar panels. Although it will take time for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and batteries based on biopolymer electrolytes to take their places in the market, laboratory studies prove that they have a lot to offer. Most efficient DSSCs and batteries available in market are based on liquid electrolytes. The advantages of liquid electrolytes are having high conductivity and good electrode-electrolyte interface whereas, disadvantages like corrosion and evaporation limit their future sustainability. Biopolymer electrolytes are proposed as novel alternatives which may overcome the problems stated above. In this review, we focus on fabrication, working principle as well as up to date status of DSSCs and batteries using biopolymer electrolytes. The effects of structural and electrical properties of biopolymer based electrolytes on the solar energy conversion efficiencies of DSSCs and their compatibility with lithium or other salts in battery applications are summarized. Biopolymer electrolyte based DSSCs are categorized on the basis of types of additives and recent outcomes of author's laboratory studies on biopolymer electrolyte based DSSCs and batteries are also presented.

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