Agarwood: Medicinal Side of the Fragrant Plant

Kalita, Pratap; Roy, Probin Kr; Sen, Supriyo

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-7248-3_16

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Benefits of frankincense from parts of the tree such as leaves and stems are diverse, and has long been used for psychophysiological, spiritual, therapeutic and medicinal purposes. Plant age is a significant factor in resin formation, as plants mainly produce resin of the best yield in terms of quality and quantity from 15 years of age and older [2]. However, it is not just the agarwood resin that has been shown to offer economic benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Microwaves, Ultrasound, Enzyme, and Lactic Bacteria on Extraction Efficiency of Bioactive Compounds from Agarwood Leaves (Aquilaria spp.)

Lieu,

Doan,

Tran

et al. 2024

Curr. Appl. Sci. Technol.

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Agarwood leaves (Aquilaria spp.) have been shown to benefit human health due to their bioactive compounds. However, studies on extraction methods for these beneficial compounds from agarwood leaves have been poorly reported. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of extraction methods for such compounds. The studied methods included microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), Viscozyme L treatment, and fermentation by Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356. The total contents of polyphenols, polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results showed that bioactive compound extraction efficiency differed depending on the treatment methods. Viscozyme L treatment showed the most effective method, followed by MAE treatment and lactic fermentation, and UAE treatments showed the lowest result. The total contents of polyphenols, polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, and the antioxidant activity in the case of Viscozyme treatment were 51.81±2.65 mg GAE/g sample; 23.711±1.26 mg GE/g sample; 252.77±4.32 mg OAE/g sample; 7.90±0.72 mg QE/g sample; and 55.1±1.3%, respectively. The results also indicated that each extraction method has its advantages. MAE and UAE treatments caused overheating inside the medium, affecting the antioxidant activity compounds. In the case of the fermentation process, excessive prolonging of the fermentation time also affected the sensitive antioxidant activity compounds released from the plant cells. The lactic fermentation process required the most time to reach extraction efficiency. However, fermentation would provide bioactive compounds and probiotics for health benefits, showing a potential approach for food supplementation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Microwaves, Ultrasound, Enzyme, and Lactic Bacteria on Extraction Efficiency of Bioactive Compounds from Agarwood Leaves (Aquilaria spp.)

Lieu,

Doan,

Tran

et al. 2024

Curr. Appl. Sci. Technol.

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“…Agarwood plant (Aquilaria spp.) originated in Southeast Asia is known for the value of the essential oil produced in wood stems [1]. In addition to the traditional medicinal uses, it is also used in perfumes manufacture or flavoring ingredients in food products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of these outstanding benefits, the wood body of frankincense is the most concerning part. However, the agarwood plant usually took more than ten years for the good quality of essential oil harvest [1], so the economic issue in this period should be considered. Besides the source of agarwood essential oil, previous studies have shown many bioactive compounds were found in agarwood leaves including, phenolic acids, benzophenones, xanthonoid, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids; ingredients showing different pharmacological effects [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stevia rebaudiana on the Bioactive Compounds from Agarwood Leaf (Aquilaria spp.) by Lactic Fermentation and Spray Drying

Dong¹,

Nam²,

Phượng³

et al. 2021

Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol

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Agarwood (Aquilaria spp) has high economic value. However, essential oil production from agarwood is a time-consuming process. Additionally, agarwood leaves have not been utilized even though they contain various bioactive ingredients. In this study, agarwood leaves were fermented using Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 with or without Stevia (4, 8, and 12%; v/v). The fermented fluid was mixed with maltodextrin (15%; w/v) and subjected to spray drying (inlet temperature, 120℃; outlet temperature, 65-70℃). The contents of polyphenols, polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids and the viability of L. plantarum were determined. Fermentation enhanced the levels of bioactive compounds. The contents of polyphenol (69.19 ± 4.05 mg GAE/g of sample), polysaccharide (20.75 ± 0.98 mg GE/g of sample), saponin (305.23 ± 4.21 mg OAE/g of sample), and flavonoid (7.86 ± 0.72 mg QE/g of sample), and the viability of L. plantarum (8.72 ± 0.17 log CFU/ml) were markedly upregulated in the samples containing Stevia (12%; v/v). This indicated that the supplementation of Stevia during fermentation decreases the fermentation time (9 h), upregulates bioactive compound production in agarwood leaves, enhances microencapsulation during spray drying, and increases the viability of L. plantarum under simulated gastric digestion conditions.

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Rediscovering the Therapeutic Potential of Agarwood in the Management of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

et al. 2022

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The inflammatory response is a central aspect of the human immune system that acts as a defense mechanism to protect the body against infections and injuries. A dysregulated inflammatory response is a major health concern, as it can disrupt homeostasis and lead to a plethora of chronic inflammatory conditions. These chronic inflammatory diseases are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and the need for them to be managed in the long term has become a crucial task to alleviate symptoms and improve patients’ overall quality of life. Although various synthetic anti-inflammatory agents have been developed to date, these medications are associated with several adverse effects that have led to poor therapeutic outcomes. The hunt for novel alternatives to modulate underlying chronic inflammatory processes has unveiled nature to be a plentiful source. One such example is agarwood, which is a valuable resinous wood from the trees of Aquilaria spp. Agarwood has been widely utilized for medicinal purposes since ancient times due to its ability to relieve pain, asthmatic symptoms, and arrest vomiting. In terms of inflammation, the major constituent of agarwood, agarwood oil, has been shown to possess multiple bioactive compounds that can regulate molecular mechanisms of chronic inflammation, thereby producing a multitude of pharmacological functions for treating various inflammatory disorders. As such, agarwood oil presents great potential to be developed as a novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic to overcome the drawbacks of existing therapies and improve treatment outcomes. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on agarwood and its bioactive components and have highlighted the potential roles of agarwood oil in treating various chronic inflammatory diseases.

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Agarwood: Medicinal Side of the Fragrant Plant

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Effect of Microwaves, Ultrasound, Enzyme, and Lactic Bacteria on Extraction Efficiency of Bioactive Compounds from Agarwood Leaves (Aquilaria spp.)

Effect of Microwaves, Ultrasound, Enzyme, and Lactic Bacteria on Extraction Efficiency of Bioactive Compounds from Agarwood Leaves (Aquilaria spp.)

Effect of Stevia rebaudiana on the Bioactive Compounds from Agarwood Leaf (Aquilaria spp.) by Lactic Fermentation and Spray Drying

Rediscovering the Therapeutic Potential of Agarwood in the Management of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

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