Age and ageing cardiovascular collection: blood pressure, coronary heart disease and heart failure

Abstract

As people age they are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Understanding cardiovascular ageing is essential to preserving healthy ageing and preventing serious health outcomes. This collection of papers published in Age and Ageing since 2011 cover key themes in cardiovascular ageing, with a separate collection on stroke and atrial fibrillation planned. Treating high blood pressure remains important as people age and reduces strokes and heart attacks. That said, a more personalised approach to blood pressure may be even more important as people age to lower blood pressure to tight targets where appropriate but avoid overtreatment in vulnerable groups. As people age, more people experience blood pressure drops on standing (orthostatic hypotension), particularly as they become frail. This can predispose them to falls. The papers in this collection provide an insight into blood pressure and orthostatic hypotension. They highlight areas for further research to understand blood pressure changes and management in the ageing population. Inpatient clinical care of older people with heart attacks differs from younger people in UK national audit data. People aged over 80 had improved outcomes in survival after heart attack over time, but had lower rates of specialist input from cardiology compared with younger people. This may partly reflect different clinical presentations, with heart attacks occurring in the context of other health conditions, frailty and multimorbidity. The care and outcomes of acute and chronic cardiovascular disease are impacted by the frailty and health status of an individual at baseline. The research included in this collection reinforces the wide variations in the ageing population and the necessity to focus on the individual needs and priorities, and provide a person-centred multidisciplinary approach to care.

Diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on computed tomography and pericoronary adipose tissue radiomics: a retrospective cross-sectional study

“…In particular, age and HbA1c levels were independently associated with the development of CAD among the patients' clinical risk factors by multivariate logistic regression analysis. We assume that this result may be because older patients have more severe cardiovascular ageing and consequently have a more severe cardiovascular risk [ 51 ]. Moreover, HbA1c indicates the patient’s glycaemic control, and poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%) can lead to endothelial dysfunction, which negatively impacts the coronary arteries [ 52 ].…”

Feasibility and safety of left bundle branch area pacing for patients with stable coronary artery disease

“…Stable CAD is among the major global disease burdens, especially in the context of an aging population ( 26 ). Stable CAD patients should be recognized as a distinct population cohort, given their worse quality of life and a propensity for adverse outcomes ( 27 , 28 ).…”

Organoiridium Complexes Enhance Cellular Defense Against Reactive Aldehydes Species

“…Given that many RASP-associated diseases progress slowly, [60][61] we next evaluated how effective our detox agents are as a function of time (Figure 3C). We incubated SH-SY5Y cells with a detox agent (5 μM of Ir SIMCats or 100 μM of smallmolecule scavengers) for 24 h, washed with DMEM, and treated with 10 μM of 4-HNE for 24 h. The aldehyde treatment procedure was repeated a total of 3 times and the cell viability was measured after each 24 h period.…”