Age and duration of the Emeishan flood volcanism, SW China: Geochemistry and SHRIMP zircon U–Pb dating of silicic ignimbrites, post-volcanic Xuanwei Formation and clay tuff at the Chaotian section

The Early Permian Tarim Large Igneous Province: Main characteristics and a plume incubation model

“…The Permian is marked by the presence of four LIPs that cluster in eastern Asia, namely the Siberian traps (251 Ma, Kamo et al, 2003), Emeishan basalts (~260 Ma, He et al, 2007;Shellnutt et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2008;Zhong et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2002), Tarim basalts (280-290 Ma, Wei et al, 2014) and Panjal traps (~290 Ma; Shellnutt et al, 2014). Interestingly, a number of major global events occurred almost simultaneously during the late Paleozoic, including the double (Permian-Triassic and end-Guadalupian) mass extinctions, ocean superanoxia, sharp C and Sr isotopic excursions, sea-level drop and Illawara geomagnetic reversal (Borisenko et al, 2006;Isozaki, 2009).…”

Reply to comment on ‘Paleokarst on the top of the Maokou Formation: further evidence for domal crustal uplift prior to the Emeishan flood volcanism’ by Bin He, Yi-Gang Xu, Jun-Peng Guan & Yu-Ting Zhong, Lithos 119 1–9, 2010

“…Clastic rocks between the Emeishan basalts and Maokou formation are mainly sandstones, conglomerates and claystones, derived from erosion of basement in this region. Whereas, G-LB claystones in SW China are mainly derived from the ELIP (He et al, 2007;2010b), implying that this karstic surface formed after the Emeishan volcanism and was caused by G-LB regression. Therefore, the paleokarst below the Emeishan basalts is likely to be solely due to plume-induced domal uplift, rather than a drop in sea level.…”

Igneous Rock Associations 16. The Late Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province

“…The sedimentology and biostratigraphy constrain the eruption of the Emeishan flood basalts to the late Permian (He et al 2007;Sun et al 2010). The Emeishan basalts erupted onto the Middle Permian fusulinid-bearing Neomisellina-Yabeina zone of the Maokou Limestone Formation which indicates they erupted no earlier than 263 Ma (He et al 2003).…”

“…The Emeishan basalts erupted onto the Middle Permian fusulinid-bearing Neomisellina-Yabeina zone of the Maokou Limestone Formation which indicates they erupted no earlier than 263 Ma (He et al 2003). The deposition of the Xuanwei Formation at 257 ± 4 Ma marks the end of subaerial volcanism in the region suggesting that it lasted ≤ 10 million years (He et al 2007). Paleomagnetic data collected from basalt sections show evidence for an early period of normal magnetic polarity followed by reverse polarity coinciding within one normal polarity episode (i.e.…”

“…The core of the debate is focused on whether the geological evidence (i.e. alluvial fan sediments vs. hydromagmatic deposits; presence of mid-eruption pillow basalts) presented by He et al (2003He et al ( , 2007) is actually documenting uplift, not whether the ELIP is or is not mantle plume-derived.…”