Age and Growth Affect Oleoresin Yield From Copaiba Trees in the Cerrado-Amazonia Ecotone

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS Oleoresin production of Copaifera spp. under natural environment is dependent of the age and growth. The methodology can be applied for the individual selection in natural environment. Oleoresin production is variable in natural environment.

Estimation of oleoresin yield from Copaifera spp. in primary forest in meridional Amazon

“…was made during the months of July, August, and September of 2012, corresponding to the region's dry season. The extraction procedures were similar to methods described in Roquette et al (2018).…”

“…The Dc was calculated using the measurement of largest crown diameter observed from the ground, and the perpendicular to this measurement. The age and mean annual increment (MAI) (cm yr -1 ) of DBH were obtained as described in Roquette et al (2018).…”

“…Many researchers have tried to identify the factors that influence oleoresin production from Copaifera spp., relating differences to species of the genus, the size of the trees, the seasonality of extraction, the position of trees in the landscape, plus other environmental and genetic characteristics (Alencar, 1982;Baima et al, 1999;Barbosa et al, 2009;Ferreira & Braz, 2001;Martins et al, 2013;Medeiros & Vieira, 2008;Medeiros, Vieira, Almeida, & Tomazello Filho, 2018;Newton, Watkinson, & Peres, 2011;Oliveira, Lameira, & Zoghbi, 2006;Plowden, 2001;Rigamonte-Azevedo, Wadt, & Wadt, 2006;Roquette et al, 2018;Wadtet al, 2007). Although diverse studies have attempted to identify the factors that interfered in the yield of oleoresin, no consensus has been reached about the factors that determine the oleoresin yield from Copaifera spp.…”

“…Research conducted to date has raised the hypothesis that genetic and physiological factors are related to the production of copaiba oleoresin (Alencar, 1982;Martins et al, 2013;Medeiros & Vieira, 2008). However, tree physiological processes may affect yield, which could vary by forest type, hydrology, soil fertility, growth, interspecific competition, and intensity of exploitation (Alencar, 1982;Medeiros & Vieira, 2008;Medeiros et al, 2018;Newton et al, 2011;Plowden, 2003;Roquette et al, 2018). In addition, tree size has also been highlighted as a determinant factor of yield, due to the relationships between physiological activity and tree growth with the production of copaiba oleoresin (Medeiros & Vieira, 2008;Medeiros et al, 2018;Roquette et al, 2018).…”

“…However, tree physiological processes may affect yield, which could vary by forest type, hydrology, soil fertility, growth, interspecific competition, and intensity of exploitation (Alencar, 1982;Medeiros & Vieira, 2008;Medeiros et al, 2018;Newton et al, 2011;Plowden, 2003;Roquette et al, 2018). In addition, tree size has also been highlighted as a determinant factor of yield, due to the relationships between physiological activity and tree growth with the production of copaiba oleoresin (Medeiros & Vieira, 2008;Medeiros et al, 2018;Roquette et al, 2018). Newton et al (2011) states that understanding the relationships between genetic, morphological, and environmental factors, with the production of non-timber products, is key to creating sustainable extraction protocols for resources.…”