Age and growth of the great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran, in the north-western Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico

Piercy, Andrew N.; Carlson, John K.; Passerotti, Michelle S.

doi:10.1071/mf09227

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…g . bonnethead shark Sphyrna tiburo (L. 1758) (Parsons, ; Carlson & Parsons, ), blacknose shark Carcharhinus acronotus (Poey 1860) (Driggers III et al , 2004), great hammerhead Sphyrna mokarran (Rüppel 1837) (Piercy et al , ; Passerotti et al , ), tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier (Péron & LeSeuer 1822) (Kneebone et al , ), sandbar shark Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo 1827) (Romine et al , ) and silky shark Carcharhinus falciformis (Müller & Henle 1839) (Joung et al , ; Hall et al , ). Nonetheless, recent validation studies have also confirmed that bands can form biannually in some species (Wells et al , ), irregularly in others (Huveneers et al , ) and can in some instances greatly underestimate true age (Kerr et al , ; Andrews et al , ; Natanson et al , ; Hamady et al , ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Age, growth and maturity of the pelagic thresher Alopias pelagicus and the scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini

Drew

White

Dharmadi

et al. 2015

Journal of Fish Biology

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Indonesia has the greatest reported chondrichthyan catches worldwide, with c.110,000 t caught annually. The pelagic thresher (Alopias pelagicus) and scalloped hammerhead (Sphryna lewini) together comprise about 25% of the total catches of sharks landed in Indonesia. Age and growth parameters were estimated for A. pelagicus and S. lewini from growth-band counts of thin-cut vertebral sections. Alopias pelagicus (n = 158) and S. lewini (n = 157) vertebrae were collected from three Indonesian fish markets over a 5 year period. A multi-model analysis was used to estimate growth parameters for both species. The models of best fit for males and females for A. pelagicus was the three-parameter logistic (L∞ = 3169 mm LT , k = 0·2) and the two-parameter von Bertalanffy models (L∞ = 3281 mm LT , k = 0·12). Age at maturity was calculated to be 10·4 and 13·2 years for males and females, respectively, and these are the oldest estimated for this species. The samples of S. lewini were heavily biased towards females, and the model of best fit for males and females was the three-parameter Gompertz (L∞ = 2598 mm LT , k = 0·15) and the two-parameter Gompertz (L∞ = 2896 mm LT , k= 0·16). Age at maturity was calculated to be 8·9 and 13·2 years for males and females, respectively. Although numerous age and growth studies have previously been undertaken on S. lewini, few studies have been able to obtain adequate samples from all components of the population because adult females, adult males and juveniles often reside in different areas. For the first time, sex bias in this study was towards sexually mature females, which are commonly lacking in previous biological studies on S. lewini. Additionally, some of the oldest aged specimens and highest age at maturity for both species were observed in this study. Both species exhibit slow rates of growth and late age at maturity, highlighting the need for a re-assessment of the relative resilience of these two globally threatened sharks at current high levels of fishing mortality throughout the eastern Indian Ocean.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Age, growth and maturity of the pelagic thresher Alopias pelagicus and the scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini

Drew

White

Dharmadi

et al. 2015

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…Conversely, Piercy et al (2007), who did run a MIA for all age classes in the North Atlantic ocean, concluded that one ring was formed yearly, and found k = 0.09 and 0.13 year -1 , for males and females respectively. Also Piercy et al (2010) using marginal increment analysis and a concurrent bomb radiocarbon validation study found annual band pair deposition for the great hammerhead, Sphyrna mokarran. A comparison of the present study with the growth curves obtained by different authors (Figure 4), indicated that S. lewini from the southern Brazilian coast grow slower and are more longevous than in the other regions studied until now.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and growth of the Scalloped Hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834), from the southern Brazilian coast

Kotas¹,

Mastrochirico

Petrere

2011

Braz. J. Biol.

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Age and growth studies for the scalloped hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834) caught along the southern Brazilian coast, were based on ring measurements of vertebrae sections of 115 males, 116 females and 14 unknown sexed sharks between 48 and 344 cm total length (TL). The von Bertalanffy growth models were best fit using back-calculated data. The growth parameters obtained for males, were L ∞ = 266 cm; K = 0.05/year; L 0 = 47 cm. For females, L ∞ = 300 cm; K = 0.05/year; L 0 = 51 cm. An adult female reached 217 cm TL and was 31.5 years old. On the other hand, an adult male was 29.5 years old and measured 234 cm TL. Longevity estimate for males and females was 55 years. Therefore, S. lewini is a long-lived fish. Ageing precision, based on the IAPE index, was 5.6%. Marginal Increment analysis based on MIR index from hammerheads smaller than 105 cm, compared with the percentual of opaque and hyaline bands found per month ageing whole vertebrae, showed an annual ring formation, i.e., in winter.Keywords: elasmobranchs, fisheries biology, conservation.Idade e crescimento do tubarão-martelo-entalhado, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834), da costa sul do Brasil ResumoO estudo da idade e do crescimento do tubarão-martelo-entalhado, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834), na costa sul do Brasil, baseou-se na leitura de anéis em seções de vértebras de 115 machos, 116 fêmeas e de 14 exemplares com sexo indeterminado, com comprimentos totais (CT) entre 48 e 344 cm. Modelos de crescimento de von Bertalanffy foram mais bem ajustados aos dados de idade e comprimento retrocalculados, considerando sexos em separado. Os parâmetros de crescimento obtidos para os machos foram L ∞ = 266 cm; K = 0,05/ano; L 0 = 47 cm. Para as fêmeas L ∞ = 300 cm; K = 0,05/ano; L 0 = 51 cm. Uma fêmea adulta atingiu um CT de 217 cm e uma idade de 31,5 anos. Por sua vez, um macho adulto tinha 29,5 anos e CT de 234 cm. A estimativa de longevidade para machos e fêmeas foi de 55 anos. O índice de erro percentual médio (IAPE), que avalia a precisão na leitura de idades, foi de 5,6%. A análise do incremento marginal baseada no índice MIR e aplicada em tubarões com CT < 105 cm, comparada com o percentual de bandas opacas e hialinas mensais, obtido através de leituras de vértebras inteiras, indicou um padrão anual na formação dos anéis, ou seja, anéis de inverno.Palavras-chave: elasmobrânquios, biologia pesqueira, conservação.

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“…Nineteen great hammerheads were detected on > 10 days, seven were tagged in Jupiter (3 female, 4 male) and 12 in Bimini (all female) (See Table 2 for further details). Most individuals were likely sexually mature based on Piercy et al (2010) and Miller et al (2014).…”

Section: Tagging Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Philopatry and Regional Connectivity of the Great Hammerhead Shark, Sphyrna mokarran in the U.S. and Bahamas

et al. 2017

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A thorough understanding of movement patterns of a species is critical for designing effective conservation and management initiatives. However, generating such information for large marine vertebrates is challenging, as they typically move over long distances, live in concealing environments, are logistically difficult to capture and, as uppertrophic predators, are naturally low in abundance. Large-bodied, broadly distributed tropical shark typically restricted to coastal and shelf habitats, the great hammerhead shark Sphyrna mokarran epitomizes such challenges. Highly valued for its fins (in target and incidental fisheries), it suffers high bycatch mortality coupled with fecundity conservative life history, and as a result, is vulnerable to over-exploitation and population depletion. Although there are very little species-specific data available, the absence of recent catch records give cause to suspect substantial declines across its range. Here, we used biotelemetry techniques (acoustic and satellite), conventional tagging, laser-photogrammetry, and photo-identification to investigate the level of site fidelity/residency for great hammerheads to coastal areas in the Bahamas and U.S., and the extent of movements and connectivity of great hammerheads between the U.S. and Bahamas. Results revealed large-scale return migrations (3030 km), seasonal residency to local areas (some for 5 months), site fidelity (annual return to Bimini and Jupiter for many individuals) and numerous international movements. These findings enhance the understanding of movement ecology in great hammerhead sharks and have potential to contribute to improved conservation and management.

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Age and growth of the great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran, in the north-western Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Age, growth and maturity of the pelagic thresher Alopias pelagicus and the scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini

Age, growth and maturity of the pelagic thresher Alopias pelagicus and the scalloped hammerhead Sphyrna lewini

Age and growth of the Scalloped Hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834), from the southern Brazilian coast

Philopatry and Regional Connectivity of the Great Hammerhead Shark, Sphyrna mokarran in the U.S. and Bahamas

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