Age and intestinal retention of mercury and cadmium in rats

Kostial, Krista; Šimonović, Ivan; Rabar, I.; Blanuša, Maja; Landeka, M.

doi:10.1016/0013-9351(83)90067-1

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Studies in experimental animals have shown that a milk diet (EngstroÈ m and Nordberg 1978;Kello and Kostial 1977) and young age (Kostial et al 1983;Sasser and Jarboe 1977) are factors that increase gastrointestinal Cd absorption. Recently, the recovery of unabsorbed 106 Cd in bulked faeces from infants given a test meal of porridge containing the stable isotope has been reported to be 63±96%, indicating a high gastrointestinal Cd uptake in infants (Crews et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of cadmium from infant diets in newborn rats

Eklund

Grawé

Oskarsson

2001

Archives of Toxicology

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Infants are exposed to higher levels of cadmium (Cd) from infant and follow-on formulas than from breast milk. We studied the bioavailability of 109CdCl2 from cows' milk formula, soy formula, wheat/oat/milk formula, wholemeal/milk formula and water in 11-day-old rat pups. The pups received a single oral dose of one diet labelled with 109Cd, 0.1 or 0.3 mg Cd/kg body weight. After 2 or 24 h or 4, 9 or 12 days the fractional retention of 109Cd in the whole body, in segments of rinsed small intestine and in tissue was measured in a gamma counter. Pups receiving 109Cd in water or cows' milk formula had the highest mean whole-body retention. It ranged from 67% of the dose in the water group to 52% in the wholemeal/milk formula group 4 days after dosing. The retention of 109Cd in the rinsed small intestine was significantly higher in the water group and the cows' milk formula group than in the cereal-based formula groups at 24 h and 4 days after dosing. It was still high in all groups on day 9, ranging from 26 to 11%. Initially most of the 109Cd was retained in the duodenum but by day 4 it had moved further down into the jejunum. In the liver, the highest and lowest retention on day 4 was 16%, and 3 per thousand of the dose in the water group and wholemeal/milk formula group, respectively. In the kidney, 109Cd was still increasing 12 days after exposure in all groups. Whole-body retention and tissue levels were higher than previously reported in adult animals. The lower bioavailability of 109Cd from the cereal-based formulas compared to water and cows milk formula on the longer survival times is most likely explained by Cd binding to dietary fibre and phytic acid in the cereal-based formulas reducing the intestinal binding and decreasing the bioavailability of Cd. The high retention of 109Cd in the small intestine, leading to a prolonged absorption period, emphasizes the importance of extending studies on neonatal Cd absorption over a long time period in order to detect for example, endpoints, accumulation of Cd in the kidney.

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confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of cadmium from infant diets in newborn rats

Eklund

Grawé

Oskarsson

2001

Archives of Toxicology

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“…Samples 5-8 were incubated overnight with 3 mg/liter of mercury (as the chloride), the same samples without added mercury being used as controls (samples 1-4). I) human whey; 2) bovine whey; 3) fJ-lactoglobulin; 4) albumin; 5) human whey; 6) bovine whey; 7) f3-1actoglobulin; 8) albumin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 ) In both human and animals, only a small fraction of the ingested inorganic mercury is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract,7) this, however, being more efficiently absorbed in suckling animals than in adults. 8 ) On the other hand, milk has also been shown to increase the intestinal absorption of mercury in experimental animals, suggesting this its association with some milk proteins which are readily absorbed. 9 ) This effect has been observed in suckling and adult rat; therefore, the increased permeability of the intestinal barrier during the first days of life is not the only cause of the enhanced absorption of mercury when milk is administered.…”

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Interaction of Mercury with Human and Bovine Milk Proteins

Mata

Sánchez

Calvo

1997

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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“…Cadmium absorption from the infant gut might be up to 37% [6] while this level in adult amounts only around 5% [7]. Also, animal experiments showed prolonged Cd absorption and transport to systemic circulation in newborns on milk diet relative to weaning animals [8,9]. In recent years, toxic effects in a number of organ systems including the kidney, liver, and lung, bone, and immune, reproductive, and cardiovascular systems have been associated with low-level Cd exposure [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Selenium Pre-treatment on Antioxidative Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Cd-exposed Suckling Rats

Lazarus

Orct

Aladrović

et al. 2010

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Since there are no data about the protective role of selenium (Se) against cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage in early life, we studied the effect of Se supplementation on antioxidative enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation (through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS) in suckling Wistar rats exposed to Cd. Treated animals received either Se alone for 9 days (8 μmol, i.e., 0.6 mg Se as Na(2)SeO(3) kg(-1) b.w., daily, orally; Se group), Cd alone for 5 days (8 μmol, i.e., 0.9 mg Cd as CdCl(2) kg(-1) b.w., daily, orally; Cd group), or pre-treatment with Se for 4 days and then co-treatment with Cd for the following 5 days (Se + Cd group). Our results showed that selenium supplementation, with and without Cd, increased SOD activity in the brain and kidney, but not in the liver and GSH-Px activity across all tissues compared to control rats receiving distilled water. Relative to the Cd group, Se + Cd group had higher kidney and brain SOD and GSH-Px activity (but not the liver), while in the liver caused increased and in the brain decreased TBARS level. These results suggest that Se stimulates antioxidative enzymes in immature kidney and brain of Cd-exposed rats and could protect against oxidative damage.

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Age and intestinal retention of mercury and cadmium in rats

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Bioavailability of cadmium from infant diets in newborn rats

Bioavailability of cadmium from infant diets in newborn rats

Interaction of Mercury with Human and Bovine Milk Proteins

Effect of Selenium Pre-treatment on Antioxidative Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in Cd-exposed Suckling Rats

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