Age and source constraints for the giant Muruntau gold deposit, Uzbekistan, from coupled Re-Os-He isotopes in arsenopyrite

Windows of metamorphic sulfur liberation in the crust: Implications for gold deposit genesis

“…This interpretation is consistent with the association between regional carbonaceous shales and very large gold deposits such as Muruntau (Morelli et al, 2007), Sukoi Log, the Bendigo-Ballarat gold fields, and Spanish Mountain (Large et al, 2009), in Phanerozoic metamorphic belts. However, the volume of mafic rocks in Archean greenstone belts, such as the gold-rich Norseman-Wiluna Belt in the Yilgarn Block of Western Australia, typically far exceeds the volume of carbonaceous shales, although pyritic carbonaceous shales do exist (e.g., the Black Flag Beds at this locality; Krapez and Hand, 2008).…”

“…However, collisions of this sort are likely to drive back-arc basin inversion and high grade metamorphism at elevated geothermal gradients therein (Collins, 2002). This mode of crustal growth is thought to have been responsible for development Phanerozoic belts of eastern Australia (Collins, 2002;Foster et al, 2005;Collins and Richards, 2008), which are unusually well-endowed with gold, as well as the late Paleozoic Tien Shan orogen (Morelli et al, 2007), which is arguably the world's most gold-rich modern orogen. Plume subduction (see Condie, 2004) may also be appropriate (Barley et al, 1998), except that it would subject a comparatively small volume of fore-arc to the appropriate metamorphic conditions, which is inconsistent with the size of many gold-rich metallogenic belts.…”

Geochemistry of hydrothermal gold deposits: A review

“…A late-stage mineral assemblage consisting of quartzenative goldeamesiteesericiteecalciteedolomiteepyriteeapatite appears to be related to the high to medium temperature alteration of wallrocks. The ReeOs age of gold-bearing arsenopyrite (w290 Ma) overlaps regional magmatism in the Muruntau (Morelli et al, 2007). The analyses of noble gas, carbon isotopes, and halogen elements in fluids included in the hydrothermal minerals related to gold mineralization have illustrated that the dominant He comes from the continental crust, whereas the noble gases mostly originated from the atmosphere (Graupner et al, 2006).…”

Re-assessing the surface cycling of molybdenum and rhenium

“…Data for MoS 2 are from Noddack and Noddack (1931), Fleischer (1959, 1960, Morachevskii and Nechaeva (1960), Terada et al (1971), McCandless et al (1993, Markey et al (1998), Stein et al (1998Stein et al ( , 2001, Selby and Creaser (2001), Barra et al (2003), Mao et al (2003), Sun et al (2003b), Berzina et al (2005), Zhang et al (2005), Mao et al (2006), and Selby et al (2007b). Data for 'FeS 2 ' are from Freydier et al (1997), Brü gmann et al (1998, Cohen et al (1999), Mathur et al (1999Mathur et al ( , 2000Mathur et al ( , 2005, Stein et al (2000), Arne et al (2001), Kirk et al (2001Kirk et al ( , 2002, Barra et al (2003), Hannah et al (2004), Morelli et al (2004Morelli et al ( , 2005Morelli et al ( , 2007, Zhang et al (2005), and Liu et al (2008). and Re indicates that a significant proportion of Re, but not Mo, is organically-bound, perhaps as metalloporphyrin species (Miller, 2004).…”